Recent progress on metal-organic framework derived carbon and their composites as anode materials for potassium-ion batteries

Abstract

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are considered as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their abundant potassium resources, cost-effectiveness, and comparable electrochemical performance to LIBs. However, the practical application of PIBs is hindered by the slow dynamics and large volume expansion of anode materials. Owing to their unique morphology, rich pores, abundant active sites, and tunable composition, metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived carbon and its composites have been widely studied and developed as PIB anodes. In this review, the basic configuration, performance evaluation indicators, and energy storage mechanisms of PIBs were first introduced, followed by a comprehensive summary of the research progress in MOF-derived carbon and its composites, especially the design strategies and different types of composites. Moreover, the advances of in situ characterization techniques to understand the electrochemical mechanism during potassiation/depotassiation were also highlighted, which is crucial for the directional optimization of the electrochemical performance of PIBs. Finally, the challenges and development prospects of MOF-derived carbon and its composites for PIBs are prospected. It is envisioned that this review will guide and inspire more research efforts toward advanced MOF-derived PIB anode materials in the future.