Biochar: An Eco-friendly Approach for the Alleviation of Nitrate Leaching and Augmentation of Soil Health

Mandana Mirbakhsh, Tayebeh Rajabian
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Abstract

Our study investigated the efficacy of barberry biochar in reducing nitrate leaching in arid and semi-arid area. The experiment was conducted in factorial design investigating the effect of two biochar particle sizes (less than 1mm and more than 2.8 mm) and three biochar amounts (1%, 2%, and 3% by mass ratio) on nitrate leaching in soil. Our findings revealed significant reductions in nitrate leaching upon the application of barberry biochar. The experimental treatments had a significant effect on nitrate concentration in leached water in both sampling stages. Although the initial sampling indicated non-significant variances between particle size, clear statistical differences emerged in the second sampling. The smaller biochar particle sizes (less than 1 mm) recorded greater reductions by 76.3% in nitrate leaching compared to larger ones (exceeding 2.8 mm) that resulted in 66.2% reduction. Our results indicated that a 1% weight of biochar produced the lowest leaching rate, with reductions of 79.7% in the first sampling and 82.6% in the second sampling. Finer biochar particle sizes (< 1mm) were the most effective at reducing nitrate leaching, which achieved to an 80.9% reduction. Overall, barberry biochar shows potential in mitigating nitrate pollution, enhancing soil quality, and promoting agricultural sustainability. It is important to consider the optimal biochar application rate and particle size to maximize its effectiveness in reducing nitrate leaching while minimizing any potential negative impacts on crop yield. Further research is required to optimize biochar application rates, particle sizes, and long-term effects in diverse agricultural systems. Implementing biochar as a soil amendment holds promise in improving soil health, water quality, and overall sustainability.
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生物炭:减轻硝酸盐淋失和增强土壤健康的生态友好方法
研究了小檗生物炭在干旱半干旱区减少硝酸盐淋溶的效果。本试验采用因子设计研究了两种生物炭粒径(小于1mm和大于2.8 mm)和三种生物炭用量(质量比为1%、2%和3%)对土壤中硝酸盐淋溶的影响。我们的研究结果显示,施用小檗生物炭显著减少了硝酸盐的浸出。在两个采样阶段,实验处理对浸出水中硝酸盐浓度均有显著影响。虽然最初的抽样表明颗粒大小之间没有显著差异,但在第二次抽样中出现了明显的统计差异。较小的生物炭颗粒尺寸(小于1毫米)与较大的(超过2.8毫米)相比,硝酸盐浸出减少了76.3%,减少了66.2%。我们的研究结果表明,1%重量的生物炭产生的浸出率最低,第一次采样降低79.7%,第二次采样降低82.6%。更细的生物炭颗粒尺寸(<1mm)对降低硝态氮淋失最有效,达到80.9%。综上所述,小檗生物炭在减轻硝酸盐污染、提高土壤质量和促进农业可持续发展方面具有潜力。重要的是要考虑最佳的生物炭施用量和粒径,以最大限度地提高其减少硝酸盐淋失的有效性,同时最大限度地减少对作物产量的潜在负面影响。需要进一步研究优化生物炭在不同农业系统中的施用量、粒径和长期效果。实施生物炭作为土壤改良剂有望改善土壤健康、水质和整体可持续性。
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审稿时长
12 weeks
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