Adaptation and evaluation of charcoal kiln metal for carbonizing Khat waste, sticks and leave

Abstract

Experiment was carried out to obtain the more charcoal and decreased ashes and exhaust gas after production from khat wastes, sticks and leave. In this study volume-based conversion rate was investigated with three different loading mechanism, half carbonizer load, 75% carbonizer load, Full carbonizer load. Product from charcoal kilns consists of weight of charcoal, ashes and gas exhaust from process. The charcoal was produced in 2.14 m3 of the vertical drum kilns when it is fully loaded. The results indicated that weight of charcoal increased when it was fully loaded, 75% carbonizer load, and half carbonizer load respectively. Whereas the weight of ashes also decreased when it was fully loaded, 75% carbonizer load, and half carbonizer load respectively. The averages of temperature of the kilns for different position of the flue outside and inside of the kilns were also taken. The results showed that the average of temperature both the flue outside and the flue inside of the kilns obviously increased with increasing time. The maximum temperatures of the kiln were 836 °C inside the pyrolysis chamber and 309 °C on the outer surface of the kiln. It can be observed that the temperature of the flue outside increased from 26.7 °C to 309 °C with increasing time up to 90 min and then decreased from 309 °C to 86 °C and from 90 min to 170 min. Moreover, the temperature inside the pyrolysis chamber increased from 26.7 °C to 836 °C with increasing time up to 90 min and then decreased from 836 °C to 98.7 °C) and from 90 min to 170 min. Therefore, the results of this technology can help in encouraging use of khat waste as substitute to wood charcoal that could contribute in minimizing deforestation and consecutive climatic changes.