CSRR loaded multiband THz MIMO antenna for nano-communications and bio-sensing applications

IF 2.9 4区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Nano Communication Networks Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI:10.1016/j.nancom.2023.100481

Gaurav Saxena , Maksud Alam , Manidipa Roy , Abdulwasa Bakr Barnawi , T.M. Yunus Khan , Ram Lal Yadava , Sanjay Chintakindi , Reena Jain , Himanshu Singh , Yogendra Kumar Awasthi

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Abstract

In this paper, a multiband THz Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna is designed with dimensions of 80×100×10.8μm³. The antenna is made-up on a gold-plated Arlon AD410 substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.1.It operates at three resonant frequencies, namely 1.45THz, 2.25THz, and 3.25THz, achieved through the integration of Complementary Split-Ring Resonator (CSRR) and Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technologies. The two-element MIMO configuration of the antenna ensures exceptional performance, offering high throughput with data rates of 25.23Gbps for the Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) scheme and 56.68Gbps for the 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) scheme. It also exhibits remarkable channel capacity, approximately 8.2bps/Hz at Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) = 20dB, surpassing the capabilities of single-element antennas. Moreover, it demonstrates excellent diversity performance for judging the MIMO antenna performance. This is evident through the following key metrics: Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) < 0.02, indicating that less than 1 % of power is transferred from the excited antenna to the second 50Ω terminated antenna when antenna-1 is excited; Directive Gain (DG) >9.95dB; Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC) < -10dB, ensuring that a minimum of 90 % of the power is delivered to the patch port; and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 0.35 bits/sec/Hz, guaranteeing reliable wireless communication. The antenna boasts peak gains of 3.83dBi, 4.06dBi, and 6.82dBi at 1.45THz, 2.25THz, and 3.25THz, respectively, along with a radiation efficiency of approximately 37, 58, and 51 % at the corresponding frequencies. Notably, the first two bands (1.34-1.51THz and 2.20-2.28THz) exhibit narrow bandwidths with quality factors above 80, making them particularly suitable for sensing applications in biomedical. Band-1 offers an average sensitivity of 3222.22 GHz/RIU and an FOM of 17.89, while Band-2 provides an average sensitivity of 2578.68 GHz/RIU and an FOM of 14.38. These characteristics make it well-suited for near-field Nano-communications and sensing applications.

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用于纳米通信和生物传感应用的CSRR加载多波段太赫兹MIMO天线

本文设计了一种尺寸为80×100×10.8μm³的多波段太赫兹多输入多输出(MIMO)天线。天线由镀金的Arlon AD410衬底构成，相对介电常数为4.1。它工作在1.45THz, 2.25THz和3.25THz三个谐振频率，通过互补分环谐振器(CSRR)和衬底集成波导(SIW)技术的集成实现。天线的双元MIMO配置确保了卓越的性能，提供高吞吐量，数据速率为25.23Gbps的正交相移键控(QPSK)方案和56.68Gbps的16正交调幅(QAM)方案。它还显示出卓越的信道容量，在信噪比(SNR) = 20dB时约为8.2bps/Hz，超过了单元件天线的能力。此外，该方法还具有良好的分集性能，可用于判断MIMO天线的性能。通过以下关键指标可以明显看出这一点:包络相关系数(ECC) <0.02，表示在天线-1受激励时，从受激励天线转移到第二个50Ω端接天线的功率小于1%;指令增益(DG) >9.95dB总主动反射系数(TARC);-10dB，保证至少90%的功率送到接插口;信道容量损失(CCL) <0.35比特/秒/赫兹，保证可靠的无线通信。该天线在1.45THz、2.25THz和3.25THz下的峰值增益分别为3.83dBi、4.06dBi和6.82dBi，相应频率下的辐射效率分别约为37%、58%和51%。值得注意的是，前两个频段(1.34-1.51THz和2.20-2.28THz)带宽较窄，质量因子在80以上，特别适合生物医学领域的传感应用。Band-1的平均灵敏度为3222.22 GHz/RIU, FOM为17.89,Band-2的平均灵敏度为2578.68 GHz/RIU, FOM为14.38。这些特性使其非常适合近场纳米通信和传感应用。

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来源期刊

Nano Communication Networks Mathematics-Applied Mathematics

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Nano Communication Networks Journal is an international, archival and multi-disciplinary journal providing a publication vehicle for complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in all aspects of nanoscale communication and networking. Theoretical research contributions presenting new techniques, concepts or analyses; applied contributions reporting on experiences and experiments; and tutorial and survey manuscripts are published. Nano Communication Networks is a part of the COMNET (Computer Networks) family of journals within Elsevier. The family of journals covers all aspects of networking except nanonetworking, which is the scope of this journal.