Habermas Meets China: The Legacy of the Late Qing/Early Republican “Public Sphere” on the Modern Chinese Social Imaginary

Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1177/00483931231208041
William Zhengdong Hu
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Abstract

The debate over the existence of a “public sphere” in China’s Late Qing/Early Republican era began nearly three decades ago, but it has yet to generate a special socio-cultural review on the “Confucian social imaginary” of the Chinese people. The article builds on existing “economic-political approach” and “idea-communication approach” to argue decisive factors hindering the development of a Habermasian “public sphere.” These includes (1) people’s traditional-collectivist lifestyle, (2) lack of understanding of “universal equality,” (3) conservative self-positioning during social transition, (4) regionalist attitude toward outsiders, (5) lack of access to Enlightenment ideas, (6) disregard for parliamentary systems, and (7) ignorance of the rule of law.
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哈贝马斯遇见中国:清末民初“公共领域”对现代中国社会想象的影响
关于中国清末民初“公共领域”是否存在的争论始于近30年前,但它尚未对中国人的“儒家社会想象”产生特殊的社会文化评论。本文以现有的“经济-政治方法”和“思想-交流方法”为基础,论证了阻碍哈贝马斯式“公共领域”发展的决定性因素。这些因素包括:(1)人们的传统集体主义生活方式;(2)缺乏对“普遍平等”的理解;(3)社会转型时期保守的自我定位;(4)对外人的地方主义态度;(5)缺乏获得启蒙思想的途径;(6)对议会制度的漠视;(7)对法治的无知。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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