In vitro antibacterial efficacy of Ananas comosus and Vitis vinifera on cariogenic microorganism

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Human health concerns are converging, necessitating a concerted effort to find preventive and therapeutic approaches. Fruits and vegetables are the primary sources of essential nutrients and have various bioactive compounds suitable for treating oral diseases in children. In the Indian sub-continent, the most consumed fruit juices are Pineapple - Ananas comosus and Grape - Vitis vinifera because they are easily accessible, cost-effective, and have increased beneficial effects on oral microorganisms. This present study aimed to assess the antibacterial efficacy of fruit juice extracts of A. comosus and V. vinifera on two major cariogenic bacteria, namely Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extracts of A. comosus and V. vinifera were prepared, and their antibacterial effects were evaluated by agar well diffusion method against S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Results: The overall mean difference of zone of inhibition of A. comosus and V. vinifera juice extracts was assessed using One way ANOVA. V. vinifera (P-value of <0.01) showed increased antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans and L. acidophilus when compared to A. comosus. Further, V. vinifera juice extract showed a significant zone of inhibition against S. mutans when compared to L. acidophilus. (P = 0.001*) Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of V. vinifera juice extract had better antibacterial efficacy against both microorganisms when compared to A. comosus.