Recent progress of antipoisoning catalytic materials for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells doped with phosphoric acid

Industrial Chemistry & Materials Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI:10.1039/D3IM00101F

Dongping Xue and Jia-Nan Zhang

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Abstract

High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) have the unique advantages of fast electrode reaction kinetics, high CO tolerance, and simple water and thermal management at their operating temperature (120–300 °C), which can effectively solve the hydrogen source problem and help achieve the dual-carbon goal. The catalysts in HT-PEMFCs are mainly Pt-based catalysts, which have good catalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, in HT-PEMFCs, the high load of platinum-based catalysts to alleviate the limitation of strong adsorption of phosphoric acid (PA) on the platinum surface on activity expression leads to high cost, insufficient activity, decreased activity under long-term operation and carrier corrosion. The present review mainly summarizes the latest research progress of HT-PEMFCs catalysts, systematically analyzes the application of precious metal and non-precious metal catalysts in HT-PEMFCs, and unveils the structure–activity relationship and anti-PA poisoning mechanism. The current challenges and opportunities faced by HT-PEMFCs are discussed, as well as possible future solutions. It is believed that this review can provide some inspiration for the future development of high-performance HT-PEMFC catalysts.

Keywords: High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells; Cathodic oxygen reduction; Anti-phosphoric acid poisonous; Pt group metal catalysts; Non-precious metal catalysts.

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掺杂磷酸的高温质子交换膜燃料电池抗中毒催化材料的最新进展

高温质子交换膜燃料电池（HT-PEMFCs）在工作温度（120-300 ℃）下具有电极反应动力学快、CO耐受性高、水和热管理简单等独特优势，可有效解决氢源问题，有助于实现双碳目标。HT-PEMFC 中的催化剂主要是铂基催化剂，在氧还原反应（ORR）和氢氧化反应（HOR）中具有良好的催化活性。然而，在 HT-PEMFC 中，为了缓解铂表面强磷酸（PA）吸附对活性表达的限制，铂基催化剂的负载量过高，导致成本过高、活性不足、长期运行下活性下降以及载体腐蚀等问题。本综述主要总结了 HT-PEMFCs 催化剂的最新研究进展，系统分析了贵金属和非贵金属催化剂在 HT-PEMFCs 中的应用，揭示了其结构-活性关系和抗 PA 中毒机理。讨论了 HT-PEMFC 目前面临的挑战和机遇，以及未来可能的解决方案。相信这篇综述能为未来开发高性能 HT-PEMFC 催化剂提供一些启发：高温质子交换膜燃料电池；阴极氧还原；抗磷酸毒；铂族金属催化剂；非贵金属催化剂。

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