Pedagogical Legacy of K. D. Ushynskyi as a Factor of State and Nation Building

Abstract

In the article, on the basis of a critical systematic analysis of historical and pedagogical sources, retrospective and modern socio-humanitarian studies, an attempt is made to highlight the important components of the scientific and pedagogical legacy of K. D. Ushynskyi in the context of Ukrainian and European identity and the deepening of European integration processes. The ideas and principles of dialectics, systematic, interdisciplinary approaches to pedagogical and sociocultural phenomena, and processes of retrospective and modern Ukrainian reality were used as methodological tools in the study.An important component of the cultural and historical legacy of Ukraine is the creative legacy of an outstanding educator of the second half of the 19th century. Konstantin Ushynskyi. It was the Ukrainian K. Ushynskyi who became the founder of scientific pedagogy and folk schools in the imperial era (19th – early 20th centuries). The theoretical basis of his own innovative pedagogical concept became the properly substantiated and practically implemented idea of nationhood, which involved the education of a politically conscious individual, a patriot, and a citizen in a state that is national in form and content. The educational and scientific legacy of the coruphaeus of Ukrainian pedagogy covers all the most important issues of pedagogical knowledge, in particular the forms and methods of teaching and upbringing, the theory and practice of developmental education, the problems of national-patriotic, moral, labour, and family education, and the education of women.The fruitful ideas of Konstantin Dmytrovych had a significant impact on the formation and development of Ukrainian pedagogy and socio-humanitarian studies. Relying on his considerable scientific authority, the domestic professional public, in the conditions of the ban and persecution of Ukrainian education and culture, chose the right of their own people to a national school and to the formation of a modern Ukrainian political nation. The multifaceted, intellectually powerful pedagogical legacy of the classics of Ukrainian pedagogy belongs to the treasury of European culture and therefore should become a matter of national pride for Ukrainians. Modern researchers should give a comprehensive, unbiased, and balanced assessment of the place and role of Konstantin Dmytrovych Ushynskyi in the development of modern pedagogical and psychological science, his deep innovative works as an important component of the multifaceted cultural and historical heritage of both Ukraine and Europe.