Newborn calf welfare: effects of birth assistance, colostrum feeding and cow–calf separation

Abstract

If the birth of a calf is poorly managed, it can be associated with reduced welfare in early life. Conversely, optimisation of calving management – in particular judicious (rather than blanket) use of interventions – can contribute to improvements in newborn calf welfare. This article discusses how birth experience can affect newborn calf welfare before considering colostrum feeding and cow-calf separation. Both management practices typically occur in the first hours of life and contribute to the welfare of newborn calves.