Effects of biased extrapolation on attitude extremity

IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL European Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI:10.1002/ejsp.3008
Kaleigh A. Decker, Charles G. Lord
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Abstract

Previous research has shown that merely thinking about an attitude object can make both positive and negative attitudes more extreme. The present research explored whether a specific type of thought—extrapolating from known to unknown attributes—might make attitudes and behavioural intentions more extreme than reviewing known attributes. In three experiments, extrapolating from a social group's ‘known’ personality traits made positive and negative attitudes and behavioural intentions more extreme than reviewing those traits. This pattern of results occurred whether participants self-generated extrapolations (Experiment 1) or rated the likelihood of frequently extrapolated traits (Experiment 2). Attitudes were also more extreme after extrapolating traits high versus low in cognitive relevance to known traits, regardless of trait positivity/negativity (Experiment 3). In all three experiments, the effect of biased trait extrapolation on attitude extremity was mediated by more extreme associations with the extrapolated group. The current findings are consistent with attitude theories that emphasize cognitive processes.

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有偏差的外推法对姿态极值的影响
以往的研究表明,仅仅思考态度对象会使积极和消极态度变得更加极端。本研究探讨了一种特殊的思维方式--从已知属性推断未知属性--是否会比回顾已知属性更能使态度和行为意向变得极端。在三个实验中,从社会群体的 "已知 "人格特质推断出积极和消极的态度和行为意向比回顾这些特质更极端。无论参与者是自我推断(实验 1)还是对经常推断出的特质的可能性进行评定(实验 2),都会出现这种结果模式。在推断与已知特质的认知相关性高与低的特质后,态度也会更加极端,而与特质的积极性/消极性无关(实验 3)。在所有三个实验中,有偏差的特质外推对态度极端性的影响都是通过与被外推组更极端的关联来中介的。目前的研究结果与强调认知过程的态度理论是一致的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Topics covered include, among others, intergroup relations, group processes, social cognition, attitudes, social influence and persuasion, self and identity, verbal and nonverbal communication, language and thought, affect and emotion, embodied and situated cognition and individual differences of social-psychological relevance. Together with original research articles, the European Journal of Social Psychology"s innovative and inclusive style is reflected in the variety of articles published: Research Article: Original articles that provide a significant contribution to the understanding of social phenomena, up to a maximum of 12,000 words in length.
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