Autorotation Transfer of Training: Effects of Helicopter Dynamics

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.4050/jahs.69.022007
Paolo Francesco Scaramuzzino, Daan M. Pool, Marilena D. Pavel, Olaf Stroosma, Giuseppe Quaranta, Max Mulder
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Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of the helicopter dynamics on pilots' learning process and transfer of learned skills during autorotation training. A quasi-transfer-of-training experiment was performed with 10 experienced helicopter pilots in the SIMONA moving-base flight simulator at Delft University of Technology. Pilots had to control an in-house flight dynamics model setup to simulate two types of helicopter dynamics: (1) a “hard” dynamics characterized by a low autorotative flare index requiring high pilot control compensation and (2) a “easy” dynamics characterized by a high autorotative flare index with low pilot control compensation required. Two groups of pilots tested these types of dynamics in a different training sequence: hard-easy-hard (HEH group) and easy-hard-easy (EHE group). The main conclusion of this study proved that simulator training for autorotation can best start with pilots training in the most resource demanding condition. A more challenging helicopter's dynamics will require higher pilot agility and more rapid responses to his/her perceptual changes. This will result in pilots developing more robust and adaptable flying skills. Indeed, a clear positive transfer of training effect was observed in the experiment presented in this paper in terms of acquired pilot skills in the HEH group, but not the EHE group. Positive transfer was especially observed in terms of reduced rate of descent at touchdown. The two groups differed in the control strategy applied, with the HEH group having developed a control technique mimicking more closely the one adopted in a real helicopter.
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训练的自旋转移:直升机动力学的影响
本文分析了直升机动力学对飞行员在自旋训练中学习过程和学习技能转移的影响。在代尔夫特理工大学的sima移动基地飞行模拟器上,对10名经验丰富的直升机飞行员进行了准训练转移实验。飞行员必须控制一个内部飞行动力学模型来模拟两种类型的直升机动力学:(1)“硬”动力学,其特点是低自动耀斑指数,需要高飞行员控制补偿;(2)“容易”动力学,其特点是高自动耀斑指数,需要低飞行员控制补偿。两组飞行员以不同的训练顺序测试了这些类型的动力:难-易-难(HEH组)和易-难-易(EHE组)。本研究的主要结论证明,在资源需求最大的条件下,自旋模拟器训练最好从飞行员训练开始。更具挑战性的直升机动力学将需要更高的飞行员敏捷性和对他/她的感知变化的更快速的反应。这将导致飞行员发展更稳健和适应性更强的飞行技能。事实上,在本文的实验中,HEH组在获得的飞行员技能方面观察到明显的正向训练转移效应,而EHE组则没有。正转移在着陆时的下降速率降低方面得到了特别的观察。两组采用的控制策略不同,HEH组开发了一种更接近于真实直升机的控制技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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