Comparative Analysis of Demographic Transition Processes in Ukraine and Croatia and Recent Refugee Waves

Abstract

The comparative analysis established the similarity of the demographic transition processes in Ukraine and Croatia as a consequence of the specific historical, social and economic conditions of development within the former state communities. Consideration of post-transition characteristics and demographic heritage confirmed the comparability of modern demographic characteristics and processes of these two countries. The recent geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe related to the Russian aggression on Ukraine has caused intensified forced relocations of the population in Ukraine and Europe in the context of exile and refugee movements. The main sources of migration waves, the directions and intensity of certain forms of forced (war) migration to and from the territory of Ukraine are defined. In addition to the increased spatial mobility of the population (both internal and external) and direct demographic losses, other demographic consequences will be visible with a delayed effect, and after the end of the war in Ukraine.