Bovine genital leptospirosis: Findings in bulls maintained in Caatinga biome conditions

IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7376
Nathanael N.C. Barnabé, Rafael R. Soares, Denise B. Nogueira, João P. Araújo Júnior, Camila D. Malossi, Diego F. Costa, Maria L.C.R. Silva, Severino S.S. Higino, Sérgio S. Azevedo, Clebert J. Alves
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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Leptospirosis is a disease that causes economic and social impact, as it affects wild and domestic animals and humans. There may be peculiarities in the epidemiology of this disease in the Caatinga biome, Brazil, where the environment is adverse and the etiologic agent, Leptospira spp., requires alternative transmission routes. Considering that in bovine leptospirosis the genital carrier is constantly neglected and the lack of reports on the role of bulls in the epidemiology of the bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) syndrome, mainly in semiarid conditions such as Caatinga biome, this study aimed to investigate bulls maintained in Caatinga biome conditions as genital carriers of leptospires. Urinary tract (urine, bladder, and kidney) and reproductive tract (vas deferens, cauda epididymis, and vesicular gland) samples were collected from 42 slaughtered bulls. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microbiological isolation were included as diagnostic methods. Anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies were found in 17 (40.48%) animals, while 26 animals (61.90%) had at least one organ or urine with leptospiral DNA, and 10 animals (23.81%) were positive at bacteriological culture. Sequenced samples targeting the LipL32 gene showed 99% similarity with Leptospira borgpetersenii. Molecular analysis of samples from the vas deferens and cauda epididymis is recommended for the diagnosis of genital leptospirosis in bulls and, if it is impossible to collect these tissues, semen can be used. In conclusion, this study provides important information relating to bulls from the Caatinga biome, Brazil, as carriers of genital leptospirosis. The results indicate that, even under adverse environmental conditions, leptospires may survive and propagate, mainly due to the characteristic of genital carriers for the sexually spreading of adapted Leptospira species without influence by external variables. Thus, prevention and control strategies for bovine leptospirosis need to include actions aimed at the genital carrier.
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牛生殖器钩端螺旋体病:在Caatinga生物群系条件下维持的公牛的发现
摘要:钩端螺旋体病是一种影响野生动物、家畜和人类的疾病,具有严重的经济和社会影响。在巴西Caatinga生物群,该病的流行病学可能存在特殊性,那里的环境不利,病原钩端螺旋体需要其他传播途径。考虑到牛钩端螺旋体病中生殖道携带者一直被忽视,以及公牛在牛生殖道钩端螺旋体病(BGL)综合征流行病学中的作用缺乏报道,主要发生在Caatinga生物群落等半干旱条件下,本研究旨在调查Caatinga生物群落条件下饲养的公牛作为钩端螺旋体的生殖道携带者。采集42头屠宰公牛的泌尿道(尿液、膀胱和肾脏)和生殖道(输精管、附睾尾和水疱腺)样本。显微凝集试验(MAT)、聚合酶链反应(PCR)和微生物分离作为诊断方法。17只(40.48%)动物检出抗钩端螺旋体抗体,26只(61.90%)动物至少有一个器官或尿液含有钩端螺旋体DNA, 10只(23.81%)动物细菌培养阳性。针对LipL32基因的测序样本与博格彼得钩端螺旋体相似性达99%。建议对公牛输精管和附睾尾的样本进行分子分析,以诊断生殖器钩端螺旋体病,如果无法收集到这些组织,则可以使用精液。总之,本研究提供了有关巴西Caatinga生物群公牛作为生殖道钩端螺旋体病携带者的重要信息。结果表明,即使在不利的环境条件下,钩端螺旋体也能存活和繁殖,这主要是由于适应钩端螺旋体的性传播的生殖载体的特点,而不受外界变量的影响。因此,牛钩端螺旋体病的预防和控制战略需要包括针对生殖器携带者的行动。
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来源期刊
Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira
Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
41
审稿时长
9-18 weeks
期刊介绍: Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira - Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research (http://www.pvb.com.br), edited by the Brazilian College of Animal Pathology in partnership with the Brazilian Agricultural Research Organization (Embrapa) and in collaboration with other veterinary scientific associations, publishes original papers on animal diseases and related subjects. Critical review articles should be written in support of original investigation. The editors assume that papers submitted are not being considered for publication in other journals and do not contain material which has already been published. Submitted papers are peer reviewed. The abbreviated title of Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira is Pesqui. Vet. Bras.
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