Investigation of durum wheat genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.) in terms of quality and some agronomic traits

Abstract

Türkiye is one of the origin centers of durum wheat and among the important producer countries of durum wheat. The aim of this study is to examine some durum wheat genotypes with different characteristics in terms of some agronomic and quality characteristics and to determine the relationships between features. The study was carried out in four different environments with supplementary irrigated and based of rainfed in Diyarbakir province conditions. Trial design carry out according to Randomized Complete Blocks Split Plots Experiment Design and three replications. It was determined that there were significant differences at the p<0.01 level between genotypes in all the traits examined. According to the research results, change range of average values in durum wheat varieties were determined as; heading time (HT) 170.33-178.42 days, plant height (PH) 93.0-139.2 cm, the number of spikes per square meter (SN) 441.50-567.50 spikes/m2, the number of grains per spike (GN) 40.7-65.5 grains/spike, thousand grain weight (TGW) 32.4-47.0 g, test weight (TW) 77.5-85.6 kg/hl, protein ratio (PR) 12.72-17.21%, sedimentation amount (SA) 9.58-25.08 ml, b yellowness value (YV) 18.27-27.90, vitreousness ratio (VR) 75.42%-85.42%. Plant height exhibited a positive correlation with protein content (r = 0.728**), and sedimentation amount also demonstrated a positive correlation with the b yellowness value (r = 0.649**). As a general trend, genotypes with spring attributes were positioned ahead of those with winter characteristics. It has been observed that winter genotypes have a heading time 5-6 days later than that of spring genotypes. Since Fırat-93 (TGW), Kunduru 1149 (PR), Urfa 2005 (TW and VR) and Candidate 1 (SA and YV) genotypes are at the forefront in terms of quality parameters. It would be beneficial to use these genotypes as parents and to protect them as genitor.