Design and optimization of a new terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism for hilly tractors

IF 2.2 2区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.6992
Zhe Xin, Qiubo Jiang, Zhongxiang Zhu, Mingxi Shao
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Abstract

In view of the problems of poor working quality and low efficiency caused by traditional hitch mechanisms, which cannot make farm implements adapt to hillside fields for terrain-adaptive working after leveling the body of hilly tractors, a new type of terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism was designed which can adjust the transverse posture of farm implements to meet the ploughing requirements of complicated terrain in hilly and mountainous areas. The mechanism was mainly composed of the original hitch device and the newly added rotating device. The kinematic model of each sub-mechanism was established, as well as the mathematical relation of significant performance indexes of the whole mechanism, such as lifting capacity, transverse inclination angle and tillage depth. Genetic algorithm was used to optimize the lifting performance of this hitch mechanism in Matlab, so that the minimum vertical lifting force at the center of gravity of farm implements increased by 14.1%, which met the requirements of national standards. Through ADAMS simulation calculation, it was found that different working slopes had a certain influence on the external load of each component, and terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism had little effect on the vibration characteristics of hilly tractors. The fatigue analysis and optimization design of the key component, rotating shaft, were carried out in ANSYS Workbench, and the mass of this part reduced by 64%. A real vehicle test platform was set up to test and verify the power lifting range and working slope range of terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism. The test results showed that the actual power lifting ranged in 185-857 mm, and the maximum error from the theoretical range was only 3.1%, while the actual working slope range was from –25.9° to +23.2°, and the maximum error from the theoretical range was only 4.5%. Therefore, the terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism can meet the requirements of power lifting performance, and simultaneously can adjust the transverse posture of farm implements for adapting to hillside fields of no less than 20°. Keywords: hilly tractors, hitch mechanism, terrain-adaptive working, transverse posture, optimal design DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.6992 Citation: Xin Z, Jiang Q B, Zhu Z X, Shao M X. Design and optimization of a new terrain-adaptive hitch mechanism for hilly tractors. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 134–144.
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丘陵拖拉机地形自适应悬挂机构的设计与优化
针对传统悬挂机构在对丘陵拖拉机进行车体调平后不能使农具适应山坡田地进行地形适应性作业的工作质量差、工作效率低的问题,设计了一种能够调节农具横向姿态的新型地形适应性悬挂机构,以满足丘陵山区复杂地形的耕作要求。该机构主要由原有的悬挂装置和新增的旋转装置组成。建立了各子机构的运动学模型,以及整个机构举升能力、横向倾角、耕作深度等重要性能指标的数学关系。在Matlab中利用遗传算法对该悬挂机构的提升性能进行优化,使农具重心处的最小垂直提升力提高14.1%,满足国家标准要求。通过ADAMS仿真计算发现,不同的工作坡度对各部件的外载荷有一定的影响,地形自适应悬挂机构对丘陵拖拉机的振动特性影响不大。在ANSYS Workbench中对关键部件转轴进行了疲劳分析和优化设计,使该部件的质量降低了64%。搭建了实车试验平台,对地形自适应悬挂机构的动力提升范围和工作坡度范围进行了测试和验证。试验结果表明,实际扬程范围为185 ~ 857 mm,与理论范围的最大误差仅为3.1%,而实际工作坡度范围为-25.9°~ +23.2°,与理论范围的最大误差仅为4.5%。因此,terrain-adaptive结机制可以满足电力需求的提升性能,同时可以调整横向农具的姿态适应山坡领域不少于20°。[关键词]丘陵拖拉机,悬挂机构,地形自适应工作,横向姿态,优化设计[DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabb .20231604.6992]引用本文:辛志,姜庆斌,朱志祥,邵明祥。一种新型丘陵拖拉机地形自适应悬挂机构的设计与优化。农业与生物工程学报,2023;16(4): 134 - 144。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
88
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (IJABE, https://www.ijabe.org) is a peer reviewed open access international journal. IJABE, started in 2008, is a joint publication co-sponsored by US-based Association of Agricultural, Biological and Food Engineers (AOCABFE) and China-based Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (CSAE). The ISSN 1934-6344 and eISSN 1934-6352 numbers for both print and online IJABE have been registered in US. Now, Int. J. Agric. & Biol. Eng (IJABE) is published in both online and print version by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering.
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