Intercropping medicinal plants is a new idea for forage production: A case study with ajowan and fenugreek

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Food and Energy Security Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI:10.1002/fes3.501

Satar Fotohi Chiyaneh, Esmaeil Rezaei-Chiyaneh, Reza Amirnia, Reza Keshavarz Afshar, Kadambot H. M. Siddique

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Abstract

Biofertilizers has potential to improve crop productivity in a sustainable manner yet their impact on forage crops yields and forage quality indices have not been extensively explored. In this study, the impact of different cropping patterns and fertilizer sources on the forage yield and quality of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), and pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated. The findings shed light on the importance of biofertilizer application as a sustainable solution for enhancing forage production and quality in agricultural systems. The experimental treatments involved six cropping patterns [ajowan monoculture, fenugreek monoculture, pea monoculture, intercropping of one row ajowan + one row fenugreek + one row pea (1:1:1), two rows ajowan + two rows fenugreek + two rows pea (2:2:2), and three rows ajowan + three rows fenugreek + three rows pea (3:3:3)] and five fertilizer sources [no fertilizer (control), 100% chemical fertilizer (CF), chemical fertilizer + humic acid (CF + HU), chemical fertilizer + biofertilizer (CF + BF), and humic acid + biofertilizer (HU + BF)]. The results revealed that the 2:2:2 intercrop fertilized with CF + BF had the highest N, P, and K concentrations for the three species. The monoculture systems with CF + BF produced the highest forage yields for ajowan (5492 kg/ha), fenugreek (3811 kg/ha), and pea (12,695 kg/ha). In addition, 2:2:2 intercrop fertilized with CF + BF produced the highest forage quality for all three species, decreasing the crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber contents and increasing forage ASH, dry matter intake, water-soluble carbohydrates, and relative feed value. The 2:2:2 intercrop ratio combined with CF + BF application could be recommended to farmers as an eco-friendly strategy (decreasing chemical fertilizer use) for improving forage productivity and quality in sustainable agricultural systems.

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药用植物间作是饲料生产的一个新思路：大叶黄杨和葫芦巴的案例研究

生物肥料具有以可持续方式提高作物产量的潜力，但其对饲料作物产量和饲料质量指标的影响尚未得到广泛探讨。本研究调查了不同种植模式和肥料来源对大戟（Carum copticum L.）、葫芦巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum L.）和豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）饲草产量和质量的影响。研究结果阐明了施用生物肥料的重要性，它是提高农业系统饲料产量和质量的可持续解决方案。实验处理包括六种种植模式[大叶黄杨单作、葫芦巴单作、豌豆单作、一排大叶黄杨+一排葫芦巴+一排豌豆（1:1:1）间作、两排大叶黄杨+两排葫芦巴+两排豌豆（2:2：2），以及三行阿育王+三行葫芦巴+三行豌豆（3:3:3）]和五种肥料来源[无肥（对照）、100% 化肥（CF）、化肥+腐植酸（CF + HU）、化肥+生物肥（CF + BF）和腐植酸+生物肥（HU + BF）]。结果表明，施用 CF + BF 的 2:2:2 间作作物的氮、磷、钾浓度在三种作物中最高。使用 CF + BF 的单作系统生产的饲料产量最高，分别为大叶黄杨（5492 千克/公顷）、葫芦巴（3811 千克/公顷）和豌豆（12695 千克/公顷）。此外，2:2:2 间作施肥与 CF + BF 施肥对这三种作物的牧草质量都是最高的，粗纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量都有所下降，而牧草 ASH、干物质摄入量、水溶性碳水化合物和相对饲料价值都有所提高。在可持续农业系统中，2:2:2 间作比例与 CF + BF 施用相结合可作为一种生态友好型策略（减少化肥用量）推荐给农民，以提高饲草的产量和质量。

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来源期刊

Food and Energy Security Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Food and Energy Security seeks to publish high quality and high impact original research on agricultural crop and forest productivity to improve food and energy security. It actively seeks submissions from emerging countries with expanding agricultural research communities. Papers from China, other parts of Asia, India and South America are particularly welcome. The Editorial Board, headed by Editor-in-Chief Professor Martin Parry, is determined to make FES the leading publication in its sector and will be aiming for a top-ranking impact factor. Primary research articles should report hypothesis driven investigations that provide new insights into mechanisms and processes that determine productivity and properties for exploitation. Review articles are welcome but they must be critical in approach and provide particularly novel and far reaching insights. Food and Energy Security offers authors a forum for the discussion of the most important advances in this field and promotes an integrative approach of scientific disciplines. Papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge. Examples of areas covered in Food and Energy Security include: • Agronomy • Biotechnological Approaches • Breeding & Genetics • Climate Change • Quality and Composition • Food Crops and Bioenergy Feedstocks • Developmental, Physiology and Biochemistry • Functional Genomics • Molecular Biology • Pest and Disease Management • Post Harvest Biology • Soil Science • Systems Biology