Improved Model for GIC Calculation in the Mexican Power Grid

IF 3.8 2区地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Space Weather-The International Journal of Research and Applications Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.1029/2022sw003202

R. Caraballo, J. A. González‐Esparza, C. R. Pacheco, P. Corona‐Romero

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Abstract

Abstract We present the first observations of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the Mexican power grid and an improved model to calculate them. The new model comprises ca. 250 substations working at various voltage levels, a methodology to estimate geomagnetic disturbances ( δB ) at different points throughout the Mexican territory, and a 1D piecewise model that considers lateral variations in the ground conductivity. This is an improvement of a former uniform conductivity model presented previously to calculate our first GIC estimates (Caraballo et al., 2020). We compared the observed and calculated GIC between August and November 2021 at a coastal 400 kV substation. During this interval, five geomagnetic storms occurred (G1 and G2). The observed GIC exceeded 10 A during the most strong event; this shows a clear grid response even under weak geomagnetic perturbations that occurred during the solar minimum. Further comparison with the results of the former model suggests that the new 1D piecewise model yields better GIC estimates for the Mexican power grid.

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墨西哥电网GIC计算的改进模型

摘要本文首次观测到墨西哥电网的地磁感应电流(GIC)，并提出了一种改进的地磁感应电流计算模型。新模型包括大约250个在不同电压水平下工作的变电站，一种估算墨西哥境内不同地点地磁扰动(δB)的方法，以及一个考虑地面电导率横向变化的一维分段模型。这是对之前提出的用于计算我们的第一个GIC估计的均匀电导率模型的改进(Caraballo et al.， 2020)。我们比较了2021年8月至11月在沿海400千伏变电站观测和计算的GIC。在此期间，共发生了5次地磁风暴(G1和G2)。在最强事件期间，观测到的GIC超过10 A;这显示了一个清晰的网格响应，即使是在太阳极小期发生的微弱地磁扰动下。与前模型结果的进一步比较表明，新的一维分段模型对墨西哥电网产生了更好的GIC估计。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Space Weather-The International Journal of Research and Applications 地学天文-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

29.70%

发文量

166

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Space Weather: The International Journal of Research and Applications (SWE) is devoted to understanding and forecasting space weather. The scope of understanding and forecasting includes: origins, propagation and interactions of solar-produced processes within geospace; interactions in Earth’s space-atmosphere interface region produced by disturbances from above and below; influences of cosmic rays on humans, hardware, and signals; and comparisons of these types of interactions and influences with the atmospheres of neighboring planets and Earth’s moon. Manuscripts should emphasize impacts on technical systems including telecommunications, transportation, electric power, satellite navigation, avionics/spacecraft design and operations, human spaceflight, and other systems. Manuscripts that describe models or space environment climatology should clearly state how the results can be applied.