Finger exercise effects on cognitive functions in older adults with MCI/AD/dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of finger exercise on cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in four English databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) and two Chinese databases (Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from inception to June 2023. The inclusion criteria focused on RCTs evaluating the impact of finger exercise on cognitive function. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Data synthesis was performed using random-effects models, calculating weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.
Results
Twelve studies were included in the review, with 11 (covering 1215 participants) eligible for meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that a positive effect of finger exercise on general cognitive function and ADL. Subgroup analysis revealed significant effects in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) but less pronounced effects in patients with dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly at moderate to severe stages. Population, exercise hours, and age were identified as significant moderators for the pooled effects.
Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence supporting the positive effects of finger exercise in improving cognitive decline. However, the majority of reviewed studies were conducted in the Chinese population, thus warranting more rigorous studies in diverse populations to validate and strengthen these findings. Further investigation into the optimal exercise routines and frequency may position finger exercises as a cost-effective and convenient intervention against cognitive decline in healthy or MCI older adults.
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