Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative最新文献

{"title":"An insightful comparison of the current neuroimmune mechanism(s) with the thoughts of differential syndromes from traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of MDD","authors":"Jiyi Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhao ,&nbsp;Feilong Huang ,&nbsp;Jing Du","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common disease affecting 300 million people worldwide. Current drugs are ineffective for at least 30 % of the patients. Novel and personalized medication is needed urgently. Cumulative studies suggest that the neuroinflammation of the glial cells, particularly NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and subsequent regulation of synaptic functions may be the key for the pathophysiology and treatment of MDD. In this review, we delve to compare the modern mechanism of MDD treatment with the theories of differential symptoms for personalized treatment of the ancient decoctions from traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Interestingly, the mechanisms of MDD treatment from Western and TCM theories overlap to a nexus on regulating neuro-immune signaling pathways, including NLRP 3 inflammasome, cytokine expressions and synaptic functions. In this review, we have summarized 8 differential syndromes and 10 decoctions for the TCM treatment of MDD in modulation of immune system and synaptic functions. The neuroimmune modulation of the 10 decoctions for the treatment MDD from TCM are amazingly similar towards the anti-inflammatory effects and enhancing synaptic functions. The comparison of theories and therapies from Western medicine and TCM may contribute to the development of more effective and safer medication for MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School-based yoga intervention for internet resilience and holistic well-being of adolescents","authors":"Reshu ,&nbsp;Surendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Rathi","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In today’s educational milieu, rising mental and physical health issues among adolescents pose an imperative concern for schools. While yoga has shown growing therapeutic benefits, research addressing emerging concerns—such as internet addiction, and associated cognitive and sleep disorders—remains underexplored, especially in the post-COVID-19 era and within school curricula.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This pilot, randomized-controlled trial with high school students aimed to validate a concise, 25-minute yogic intervention tailored for adolescent well-being in academic settings.</div></div><div><h3>Measures</h3><div>Quantitative assessment tools included the Academic Anxiety Scale for Children, Concentration Questionnaire, Internet Addiction Test, Insomnia Severity Index, and General Health Questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a three-month period, students who practiced yoga reported marked improvements in internet resilience, academic anxiety, concentration, and insomnia symptoms (all p &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, they showed significant reductions in general health complaints (e.g., headaches, stomach aches), with p-values ranging from p &lt; 0.05 to p &lt; 0.001. Conversely, the control group showed no significant changes, except for a worsening of internet addiction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that even brief, consistent yoga practice can yield substantial benefits, advocating for its integration into school curricula to promote a healthier, more resilient generation of learners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fu-Fang-Li-Shao Pill alleviates neuroinflammation through blocking TLR4/MyD88/MAPKs pathway in chronic migraine rats","authors":"Jianmei Yang ,&nbsp;Yining Gu ,&nbsp;Guang Yang ,&nbsp;Waimao Gao ,&nbsp;Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Yiyun Bao ,&nbsp;Kai Meng ,&nbsp;Lingyan Zhu ,&nbsp;Tengteng Zhou ,&nbsp;Xingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2025.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2025.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroinflammation is supposed to be a crucial factor in the pathophysiology of migraine, which is caused by intracranial vasodilation and the release of vasoactive peptides. Fu-Fang-Li-Shao Pill (FFLSP), a prescription composed of Tribulus terrestris, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Puerariae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, White Chrysanthemum, Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, Concha Margaritifera, Fructus Viticis, Angelica Dahurica and Mentha Haplocalyx Briq, is an effective proved recipe for migraine patients which is developed by Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of FFLSP in relieving migraine are not well understood. This study aims to assess the therapeutic effect of FFLSP on chronic migraine and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In our study, through the repeated subcutaneous injection of nitroglycerin (NTG), an animal model of chronic migraine was established which showed migraine-like symptoms such as head pain, ear redness and irritability. Here, NTG-induced chronic migraine rats were used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of FFLSP on neuroinflammation by conducting behavioral tests and molecular biology analyses. We observed that FFLSP possesses an excellent ability to relieve chronic migraine. FFLSP treatment was able to inhibit vasodilation by decreasing c-Fos and CGRP expressions in dura mater and trigeminal ganglion. Moreover, headache alleviation of NTG-induced migraine rats was decided by the inhibition of neuroinflammatory responses through FFLSP’s interruptive effect on the TLR4/MyD88/MAPKs pathway. FFLSP should be attentively considered as a potential therapeutic agent for chronic migraine by blocking inflammatory signal pathway in dura mater and trigeminal ganglion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a residential yoga and naturopathy intervention on blood glucose and diabetes related risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study","authors":"A. Mooventhan ,&nbsp;L. Nivethitha ,&nbsp;K. Kahlil Subramanian ,&nbsp;A. Vijay ,&nbsp;N. Manavalan","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic illnesses characterised by elevated blood sugar levels brought on by abnormalities in insulin action, production, or both. Previous studies indicate that integrated yoga and naturopathy (IYN) intervention may be useful in the prevention of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). But there is no known retrospective study with a larger sample size has examined the impact of IYN on blood glucose in T2DM. Thus, the aim of this study was to find the impact of a residential IYN on blood glucose level and other diabetes-related risk factors in patients with T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective study design was adopted in which data between August 2019 and October 2022 were screened from hospital inpatient record. A total of 407 eligible patients’ data were included. Subject received IYN. Their baseline and post assessment parameter were extracted from medical record and data were analyzed using SPSS, Version-16.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose, weight, body mass index, hip circumference, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, mid-arm circumference, mid-thigh circumference, perceived stress scale score, blood pressure, pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, rate pressure product and double pressure product in the post-test compared to its’ respective pre-test assessments following yoga and naturopathy intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Residential yoga and naturopathy intervention have potential therapeutic impact in reducing blood glucose and its diabetes related risk factors in patients with T2DM. However, prospective randomized controlled trials are recommended to warrant the results of the study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does lateral habenula mediate effects of gestational stress on rat maternal behavior?","authors":"Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This exploratory study investigated the neural substrate underlying the effect of gestational stress on rat maternal behavior. We tested the hypothesis that the lateral habenula (LHb)-centered neural circuitry (e.g., raphe, ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, etc.) mediates the maternal disruptive effect of gestational stress. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to daily 30-min restraining stress from approximately gestation day (GD) 5 to 21, white noise from GD 5 to 12 and mild foot shock from GD 13 to 21. Maternal behavior in the home cage and pup retrieval on an elevated plus maze (EPM) were observed during the first postpartum week. The gestational stress reduced body weight gain of stressed females, and reduced time that they spent outside of the nest, a sign of increased maternal anxiety and hypervigilant parenting style. On the open arms of EPM, the stressed dams showed higher frequently sniffing pups than non-stressed ones. Testing with pups (pup exposure) on the EPM decreased c-Fos expression in the LHb in the non-stressed control dams, but it increased c-Fos expression in the dorsal and medial raphe regions of the control dams. Gestational stress reduced this pup effect in all three regions, implying that gestational stress attenuated the ability of pup exposure to activate the maternally relevant brain regions. Our findings indicate that gestational stress may act upon the LHb (as a putative center that mediates negative emotion) and its downstream projection sites (i.e., dorsal and median raphe) to compromise the quality of maternal care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and early intervention strategies for perinatal mental health disorders mediated by neuroimmune modulation and anti-inflammatory mechanisms through non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation: A narrative review","authors":"Yoshihiro Noda ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Nakajima","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2025.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2025.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perinatal mental health disorders, including postpartum depression (PPD), affect approximately 20 % of females during pregnancy and the postpartum period; however, are often undiagnosed and untreated. Traditional treatments, such as antidepressants, have limitations, particularly in terms of safety and efficacy during pregnancy. Recent advancements in brain stimulation therapies, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), offer promising non-invasive alternatives that may be safer and more effective in treating PPD. rTMS therapy uses magnetic pulses to stimulate the brain areas associated with psychiatric disorders without systemic side effects or the need for anesthesia, making it safe for pregnant patients. This review aims to provide a narrative overview of the potential of rTMS neuromodulation from a neuroimmune–neuroendocrine–neuroinflammatory perspective with a focus on perinatal depression. rTMS exerts its antidepressant effects by indirectly modulating neuroimmune and anti-inflammatory processes, with few maternal side effects and no fetal risks, as is common with pharmacotherapy. Perinatal mental health disorders may arise from abnormalities in the inflammatory and immune system homeostasis, which are influenced by hormonal changes during the perinatal period. Neuroinflammation, driven by cytokines and immune cells crossing the blood–brain barrier, plays a significant role. The interaction between the central and peripheral nervous systems is crucial for neuroinflammation and immune responses. The neurotransmitters produced by neurons and immune cells regulate the immune responses and inflammation, emphasizing the importance of neuroendocrine–immune system interactions. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases cause chronic inflammation due to the dysregulation of the immune response, affecting the central nervous system in conditions such as perinatal depression or long COVID (post-COVID-19 syndrome). rTMS therapy can potentially reduce or ameliorate the pathophysiology of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders by modulating the neuroimmune interactions, reducing inflammation, and promoting neuronal protection and repair, thereby highlighting its potential for managing neuroinflammation and related symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interaction of second trimester prenatal maternal inflammation and psychosocial stress on offspring depressive symptoms in adolescence","authors":"Rachel H. Furlan ,&nbsp;Madeline R. Pike ,&nbsp;Emily Lipner ,&nbsp;Elizabeth C. Breen ,&nbsp;Barbara A. Cohn ,&nbsp;Piera M. Cirillo ,&nbsp;Nickilou Y. Krigbaum ,&nbsp;Ann M. Kring ,&nbsp;Thomas M. Olino ,&nbsp;Lauren B. Alloy ,&nbsp;Lauren M. Ellman","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Higher second trimester (T2) prenatal maternal inflammation (PNMI) and prenatal maternal psychosocial stress have been shown to independently contribute to offspring depression risk. Similarly, interactions between sources of inflammation and maternal daily life stress in T2, previously have been associated with increased offspring adolescent depressive symptoms. We aimed to extend previous findings by examining the potential interaction between exposure to higher T2 PNMI and maternal daily life stress on offspring depressive symptoms in adolescence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>614 mother-offspring dyads from the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS) had data available for T2 maternal serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and soluble TNF receptor-II (sTNF-RII), presence/absence of maternal reported daily life stress coded from interviews primarily conducted in T2, and adolescent offspring (ages 15–18 years) depressive symptoms assessed via self-report. Interactions were evaluated using hierarchical multiple regressions, controlling for maternal education.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Maternal daily life stress interacted with higher serum levels of maternal T2 IL-6 and T2 IL-8 to predict adolescent offspring depressive symptoms. Higher IL-6 and higher IL-8 were <em>only</em> associated with offspring depression in the presence of daily life stress. Maternal T2 IL-1ra and sTNF-RII were not associated with offspring adolescent depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The interaction of the adverse impacts of maternal daily life stress and higher maternal IL-6 and/or IL-8 levels during the second trimester may contribute significantly to exacerbate depression risk in adolescent offspring. These results have potential implications for multiple targets of future early intervention and prevention research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin in lipopolysaccharide-activated cortical astrocytes","authors":"Arpita R. Dave ,&nbsp;Prakash P. Pillai","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysregulated neuroinflammation is a hallmark of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokines, and is mediated by resident astrocytes. Previous studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of quercetin hydrate, a plant flavonoid, however, limited studies exist showing the targets of quercetin in astrocytes. Here, we demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin hydrate at the gene expression level and the involvement of signalling pathway molecules. The rat primary cortical astrocytes were preincubated with different concentrations of quercetin (25–200 μM) followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Semi-quantitative PCR analysis showed the therapeutic potential of quercetin by decreasing the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6), and Cyclooxygenase-2, and increasing Hemeoxygenase-1 in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. By Immunoblotting analysis, we document the modulatory effects of quercetin on phospho p38 and phospho ERK1/2 in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. The study indicates the anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin against inflammatory responses in astrocytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonious Healing: Advances in Music Therapy and other Alternative Therapy for Depression and Beyond","authors":"Yu Liu,&nbsp;Kyra Bi,&nbsp;Sierra Hodges,&nbsp;Jian Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a widespread mental health disorder that imposes significant challenges on individuals and society. Recently, the role of music in mental health has gained significant attention, with growing research and clinical application emphasizing its therapeutic benefits. This review examines the clinical evidence and recent advancements in music therapy as an adjunctive treatment for depression, with a focus on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Five-Element Music Therapy, Singing Bowl Music Therapy, and Vagus Nerve Music Therapy. These music modalities utilize sound and vibration to elicit psychological and physiological benefits, including reductions in depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, their applications extend to managing other health conditions such as sleep disturbances, cardiovascular health, chronic pain, and cognitive dysfunction. Integrating music therapy with conventional and complementary interventions, including acupuncture, meditation, yoga, and AI, may optimize therapeutic outcomes. This review underscores the potential of music therapy as a valuable and integrative approach in the treatment of depression and other health conditions. Nevertheless, further research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms, standardize therapeutic protocols, compare different music therapies, and assess long-term efficacy through large-scale trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of exercise therapy on immune cells and function in patients with overweight or obesity: A systematic review","authors":"Maria Syed ,&nbsp;Chetan Parmar ,&nbsp;Sjaak Pouwels","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2024.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is a global health challenge linked to chronic inflammation and numerous diseases. The immune dysregulation in obesity is characterized by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines. Exercise is known to modulate immune function and inflammation, but its specific effects on immune cells in overweight and obese individuals need further exploration. This systematic review aims to summarize the impact of exercise interventions on immune cells in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were sourced from PubMed, SCOPUS, COCHRANE, and Ovid up to June 14, 2024. Keywords included \"Exercise Therapy\", \"physical activity\", \"Immune System\", \"immune modulation\", \"Obesity\", \"overweight\", and \"adiposity\". Studies were included if they involved overweight or obese individuals undergoing exercise therapy for more than three weeks and measured immune cell outcomes. Articles discussing only inflammatory markers or genetic pathways were excluded. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS), and inter-rater agreement was calculated with Cohen’s kappa</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2571 articles, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Exercise interventions varied widely but generally included aerobic, resistance, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and combined regimens. Results demonstrated significant reductions in pro-inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes) and increased anti-inflammatory responses (e.g. immunoglobulins). High-intensity training showed substantial immunomodulatory effects, while moderate exercise was associated with enhanced immune function without suppression. We observed that neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes were the primary immune cells showing significant changes in response to various exercise interventions. These changes strongly correlated with improvements in inflammatory markers such as CRP and IL-6, which were consistently reduced following regular exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the variability in exercise interventions, it is crucial to develop standardized exercise recommendations that can be tailored to the needs of overweight and obese individuals, taking into account factors such as age, gender, and baseline health status. Exercise therapy significantly influences immune cell profiles in overweight and obese individuals, reducing chronic inflammation and enhancing immune function. High-intensity training is particularly effective in reducing pro-inflammatory markers, while moderate exercise supports overall immune health. Tailored exercise programs are crucial for optimizing these benefits, with future studies needed to refine exercise recommendations for this demographic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}