Influence of biological maturation on cardiac autonomic recovery in female volleyball players during & after repeated sprints training: An experimental trial

Abstract

Previously, it was suggested that biological maturation (BM) could be linked to cardiac autonomic recovery (CAR) in the pediatric population. However, this influence hasn’t been confirmed yet. Our aim was to investigate the impact of BM on CAR in female volleyball players. Experimental study with a sample of 38 volleyball players, comprising 20 girls (age: [11.6 ​± ​2.1] years) and 18 women (age: [24.5 ​± ​5.5] years), we analyzed BM, comparing maturing subjects (girls) with mature subjects (women). Additionally, we assessed peak height velocity (PHV) in girls. We conducted a training session involving repeated sprints (3 rounds of 6 sprints interspersed by 5 ​min [min] of passive rest). Using short-range radio telemetry, we analyzed CAR during (at the end of the 1^st and 2^nd rounds) and after (following the 3^rd round) the training session of repeated sprints by applying the 60-s to 300-s heart rate recovery index (HRR-Index). Girls exhibited superior CAR compared to women (round 2: 60-s, 120-s, 240-s, and 300-s, p ​< ​0.005). Subgroup analyses of BM indicated that individuals in the Late-PHV stage demonstrated superior CAR compared to those in the Early-PHV and During-PHV groups. (60-s to 300-s, η²p ​> ​0.4, p ​< ​0.05). Subjects in the During-PHV stage were superior to those in the Early-PHV stage (240-s á 300-s, η² p ​> ​0.4, p ​< ​0.05). We have concluded that biological maturation has a significant impact on cardiac autonomic recovery.