PM2.5 Observations of Outdoor and Indoor Environment at Dwarka, New Delhi, India

IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION MAPAN Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI:10.1007/s12647-023-00694-2
Shristy Malik, A. S. Rao, Surendra K. Dhaka
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Abstract

Measurement of PM2.5 is carried out simultaneously outdoors as well as indoors using a Compact and Useful PM2.5 Instrument (CUPI) from Nov 2018 to Oct 2019. A high-time resolution data (~ 2 min interval) was recorded at Dwarka (West Delhi), New Delhi, to investigate the difference between outdoor and indoor ambient particulate matter. Year-long observations provide an opportunity to decipher that indoor PM2.5 concentration increases significantly from mid-November 2018 to mid-December 2018. During this high concentration occurrence of PM2.5, outdoor concentration was higher in the range of 100–200 µg/m3 than indoor. Indoor pollution was less by 30–50% in comparison to the outdoor environment. Analyses reveal that during a high pollution period, intermittently for a short period, outdoor PM2.5 was less, which coincides with clear weather days suggesting that indoor pollution did not disperse due to a closed environment. Diurnal variation of PM2.5 clearly shows high concentration stays until 12:00 noon in both indoor and outdoor environments, which reduces in the afternoon and again picks up in the evening. Diurnal variation of solar radiation showed a consistent increase from 9 am to 2 pm, while relative humidity declined considerably from 10 am to 4 pm (local time); these two factors correspond to less concentration in both indoor and outdoor environments. However, there is no significant difference between outdoor and indoor concentration during summer and monsoon season.

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印度新德里 Dwarka 的室外和室内 PM2.5 观测数据
2018 年 11 月至 2019 年 10 月,使用紧凑实用 PM2.5 仪器(CUPI)在室外和室内同时进行 PM2.5 测量。在新德里 Dwarka(西德里)记录了高时间分辨率数据(约 2 分钟间隔),以研究室外和室内环境颗粒物之间的差异。长达一年的观测为破译室内 PM2.5 浓度在 2018 年 11 月中旬至 2018 年 12 月中旬显著增加提供了机会。在此次PM2.5高浓度发生期间,室外浓度在100-200微克/立方米范围内高于室内。与室外环境相比,室内污染减少了 30%-50%。分析表明,在高污染期间,间歇性的短时间内,室外 PM2.5 较少,这与晴朗的天气相吻合,表明由于环境封闭,室内污染没有扩散。PM2.5 的昼夜变化清楚地表明,室内和室外环境中的 PM2.5 浓度都很高,一直持续到中午 12:00,下午有所降低,傍晚又有所回升。太阳辐射的昼夜变化显示,从上午 9 点到下午 2 点,太阳辐射持续增加,而相对湿度则从上午 10 点到下午 4 点(当地时间)大幅下降;这两个因素导致室内和室外环境中的浓度降低。不过,在夏季和季风季节,室外和室内的浓度没有明显差异。
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来源期刊
MAPAN
MAPAN 工程技术-物理:应用
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
20.00%
发文量
91
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: MAPAN-Journal Metrology Society of India is a quarterly publication. It is exclusively devoted to Metrology (Scientific, Industrial or Legal). It has been fulfilling an important need of Metrologists and particularly of quality practitioners by publishing exclusive articles on scientific, industrial and legal metrology. The journal publishes research communication or technical articles of current interest in measurement science; original work, tutorial or survey papers in any metrology related area; reviews and analytical studies in metrology; case studies on reliability, uncertainty in measurements; and reports and results of intercomparison and proficiency testing.
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