Examining the Spatial Proximity of Vulnerable Communities to Cooling Centers across the Texas Triangle Megaregion

IF 1.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Weather Climate and Society Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI:10.1175/wcas-d-22-0125.1
Angelina Dumlao, Neil Debbage
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Abstract

Abstract A cool environment is critical for protecting vulnerable populations from the adverse health effects associated with exposure to extreme heat. Although cooling centers are commonly established to provide temporary heat relief to the public, there is limited research exploring the spatial distributions and accessibility of cooling centers across cities in Texas. The intent of this study was to examine the spatial characteristics of cooling center locations throughout the Texas Triangle megaregion and evaluate the proximity of cooling centers to vulnerable populations. Specifically, spatial clustering analysis was used to quantitatively characterize the spatial distributions of cooling centers in San Antonio, Houston, and Dallas while spatial lag regression was conducted to evaluate the relationships between indicators of socioeconomic vulnerability and proximity to cooling centers. The findings indicated that cooling centers exhibited clustering at short distances, which suggested there were potential spatial redundancies. The distributions of the cooling centers also illustrated possible accessibility issues due to the concentration of the locations in urban cores. The spatial lag regression models highlighted several problematic relationships, as elderly and disabled populations were located at significantly greater distances from cooling centers in San Antonio and Dallas, respectively. However, numerous insignificant relationships were also observed, which suggested that cooling center locations did not consistently marginalize or favor vulnerable populations. Therefore, a higher degree of intentionality that explicitly considers cooling center proximity to the vulnerable populations they aim to serve might be beneficial as planners and emergency managers select cooling center locations in response to extreme heat.
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研究德克萨斯三角地区脆弱社区与冷却中心的空间接近性
凉爽的环境对于保护弱势群体免受与暴露于极端高温相关的不利健康影响至关重要。尽管通常建立冷却中心是为了向公众提供暂时的散热,但对德克萨斯州各城市冷却中心的空间分布和可达性的研究有限。本研究的目的是研究整个德克萨斯三角地区冷却中心位置的空间特征,并评估冷却中心与弱势群体的接近程度。其中,利用空间聚类分析定量表征了圣安东尼奥、休斯顿和达拉斯冷却中心的空间分布特征,并利用空间滞后回归分析了社会经济脆弱性指标与冷却中心邻近度之间的关系。研究结果表明,冷却中心在短距离上呈现聚集性,这表明存在潜在的空间冗余。冷却中心的分布也说明了可能的可达性问题,因为这些地点集中在城市核心。空间滞后回归模型突出了几个有问题的关系,因为老年人和残疾人分别位于距离圣安东尼奥和达拉斯冷却中心很远的地方。然而,也观察到许多无关紧要的关系,这表明冷却中心的位置并不总是边缘化或有利于弱势群体。因此,明确考虑冷却中心靠近他们目标服务的弱势群体的更高程度的意向性可能有利于规划者和应急管理人员选择应对极端高温的冷却中心位置。
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来源期刊
Weather Climate and Society
Weather Climate and Society METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
13.60%
发文量
95
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Weather, Climate, and Society (WCAS) publishes research that encompasses economics, policy analysis, political science, history, and institutional, social, and behavioral scholarship relating to weather and climate, including climate change. Contributions must include original social science research, evidence-based analysis, and relevance to the interactions of weather and climate with society.
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