Navigating access to golden lands: Gender roles and constraints of women in artisanal and small-scale mining operations in north-western Ghana

IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Geo-Geography and Environment Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI:10.1002/geo2.130
Issah Baddianaah
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Abstract

The daily lives of female artisanal and small-scale miners revolve around an array of complex and labour-driven activities. The complexities and labour demands vary depending on the type of artisanal and small-scale mining involved, the underground pit (ghetto) or surface mining. Few studies have explored how gender roles manifest in the two major mining types to inform policy on the creation of a gendered mining environment for women. This paper fills the lacuna in the literature by investigating gender roles and the consequential effects on female artisanal miners' daily lives and practices along the underground pit and surface mining. The liberal feminist theoretical lens is employed as a framework. Data were sourced through field observations and in-depth interviews with 13 lead miners (men) and 67 female miners in the Upper West Region of Ghana. Findings show that sociocultural marginalisation of women is predominant in underground pit/ghetto mining. Women are content to work in surface mining operations and can form gangs to operate independently; nevertheless, sociocultural framings have limited women's space and access to mineralised concessions. The study argues that steps towards promoting gender equality in artisanal and small-scale mining should explore a gendered mineralised concessions distribution; thus, the distribution of mining concessions under the community mining project by the government of Ghana should be gender-sensitive.

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通往黄金之地的导航:加纳西北部手工和小规模采矿作业中妇女的性别角色和限制
女性手工和小规模矿工的日常生活围绕着一系列复杂的劳动活动。复杂性和劳动力需求取决于所涉及的手工和小规模采矿类型、地下坑(隔都)或露天采矿。很少有研究探讨性别作用如何在两种主要的采矿类型中表现出来,以便为关于为妇女创造性别平等的采矿环境的政策提供信息。本文通过研究性别角色及其对女性手工采矿者的日常生活和实践的影响,填补了文献中的空白。本文以自由女性主义的理论视角作为研究框架。数据来源于对加纳上西部地区的13名男矿工和67名女矿工的实地观察和深入访谈。调查结果显示,妇女的社会文化边缘化在地下坑/贫民窟采矿中占主导地位。妇女满足于在露天采矿作业中工作,并可以组成帮派独立作业;然而,社会文化框架限制了女性的空间和获得矿化特许权的机会。该研究认为,促进手工和小规模采矿中的性别平等的步骤应该探索一种性别化的矿化特许权分配;因此,加纳政府在社区采矿项目下分配采矿特许权时应注意性别问题。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
12
审稿时长
25 weeks
期刊介绍: Geo is a fully open access international journal publishing original articles from across the spectrum of geographical and environmental research. Geo welcomes submissions which make a significant contribution to one or more of the journal’s aims. These are to: • encompass the breadth of geographical, environmental and related research, based on original scholarship in the sciences, social sciences and humanities; • bring new understanding to and enhance communication between geographical research agendas, including human-environment interactions, global North-South relations and academic-policy exchange; • advance spatial research and address the importance of geographical enquiry to the understanding of, and action about, contemporary issues; • foster methodological development, including collaborative forms of knowledge production, interdisciplinary approaches and the innovative use of quantitative and/or qualitative data sets; • publish research articles, review papers, data and digital humanities papers, and commentaries which are of international significance.
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