Cross-Sectoral Transfer of Budgetary Subsidies Through Differential Railway Tariffs

IF 0.4 Q4 ECONOMICS Ekonomicheskaya politika Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.18288/1994-5124-2023-4-6-35
Ivan A. Khomutov
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Abstract

The paper exposes and analyses a serious flaw in Russia’s current rail freight tariffs. Subsidized sectors of the Russian economy are overcharged while a range of other sectors are undercharged. This transfers budgetary subsidies from one sector to another in a way that is opaque to regulators. The article details how this transit subsidy is part of conveyer belt that runs from the national budget to refining, rail transport and ultimately to coal mining. Analysis shows that the transit subsidies from differential railway tariffs are quite large (from 2019 to 2021 coal industry revenues were augmented by an annual average of RUB 270 billion through this technique). The article also demonstrates that subsidizing coal production through differential railway tariffs cannot be justified by rational economic considerations, as it only prolongs the life of many hopelessly unprofitable enterprises and thus hinders sustainable economic development in coal-mining regions. The paper studies the feasibility of eliminating this kind of subsidy by making tariffs for oil and coal transportation converge. If those subsidies had been eliminated in 2023, the author concludes that it would have been relatively painless for the industry and could potentially bring about a RUB 245 billion reduction in annual state budget subsidies by 2050. The funds saved could be redirected to economic diversification and social development in the regions where the coal industry is concentrated.
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差别化铁路运价下预算补贴的跨部门转移
本文揭示并分析了俄罗斯现行铁路运价制度的一个严重缺陷。俄罗斯经济中受到补贴的部门收费过高,而其他一系列部门收费过低。这将预算补贴从一个部门转移到另一个部门,而监管机构对此不透明。这篇文章详细说明了这种交通补贴是如何成为从国家预算到炼油、铁路运输以及最终到煤矿开采的传送带的一部分。分析表明,差别铁路关税带来的过境补贴相当大(从2019年到2021年,通过这种技术,煤炭行业的收入平均每年增加2700亿卢布)。文章还论证了通过铁路差别关税补贴煤炭生产,从理性的经济考虑是不合理的,因为这只会延长许多无利可图的企业的寿命,从而阻碍煤矿地区经济的可持续发展。本文研究了通过使石油和煤炭运输关税趋同来消除这种补贴的可行性。作者的结论是,如果这些补贴在2023年被取消,对该行业来说将相对没有什么痛苦,到2050年,每年的国家预算补贴可能会减少2450亿卢布。节省下来的资金可用于煤炭工业集中地区的经济多样化和社会发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
20.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: Ekonomicheskaya Politika is a broad-range economic journal devoted primarily to the study of the economic policy of present-day Russia as well as global economic problems. The subject matters of articles includes macroeconomic, fiscal, monetary, industrial, social, regulation and competition policyand more. The journal also publishes theoretical papers in such areas as political economy, general economic theory, welfare economics, law and economics,and institutional economics.. The character and the scope of economic problems studied in many publications require a multidisciplinary approach, consistent with the editorial policy of the journal. While the thematic scope of articles is generally related to Russia, the aim of editorial policy is to cover politico-economic processes in the modern world and international economic relations, as well. In addition, Ekonomicheskaya Politika publishes Russian translations of classical and significant modern works of foreign economists.
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