Varietal zoning of spring wheat and estimation of its varieties according to productivity and adaptability in the Tyumen region

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to estimate the varietal zoning of spring wheat in the Tyumen region, as well as a productivity and adaptability potential of its varieties in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe zone of the region. Varietal zoning of spring wheat in 2022 included 18 varieties. The largest mean productivity was produced by the varieties ‘Ekaterina’ (3.14 t/ha, a middle-early variety), ‘KVS Akvilon’ (3.60 t/ha, a middle maturing variety) and ‘Melodiya’ (3.86 t/ha, a middle late variety). The best stress resistant varieties were ‘Novosibirskaya 15’ (a middle-early variety, –1.59), ‘Chernyava 13’ (a middle maturing variety, –1.42) and ‘Melodiya’ (a middle late variety, –2.08). The varieties ‘Ekaterina’ (a middle-early variety), ‘Ikar’, ‘Aviada’, ‘Omskaya 36’, ‘KVS Akvilon’ (a middle maturing variety), ‘Riks’ and ‘Melodiya’ (a middle late variety) belong to the strongly responsive, intensive varieties, with a regression coefficient bi > 1. The best stable varieties in the middle-early group were the varieties ‘Iren’ (Si 2 = 1.82), ‘Tyumenskaya 25’ (Si 2 = 0.92) and the varieties ‘Lutescens 70’ (Si 2 = 0.92), ‘Chernyava 13’ (Si 2 = 1.18), ‘Tyumenskaya 29’ (Si 2 = 1.61) in the middle maturing group. The varieties ‘Ekaterina’ (Pcond = 197.8 %, a middle early variety), ‘Tyumenskaya Yubileinaya’ (Pcond = 202.5 %, a middle early variety), ‘Chernyava 13’ (Pcond = 170.9 %, a middle maturing variety), ‘Grenada’ (Pcond = 122.9 %, a middle maturing variety) and ‘Melodiya’ (Pcond = 154.2 %, a middle late variety) were characterized with the largest indicator of the productivity level and stability. According to the general adaptability, the best middle early variety was ‘Ekaterina’ (GA = 0.39), the middle maturing ones was ‘Chernyava 13’ (GA = 0.18) and ‘KVS Akvilon’ (GA = 0.26), the middle late variety was ‘Melodiya’ (GA = 0.19). According to the sum of the ranks of productivity and adaptability indicators, the most valuable variety in the middle early group was ‘Ekaterina’ (the sum of ranks was 20), in the middle maturing group was ‘Chernyava 13’ (the sum of ranks was 23) and in the middle late group was ‘Melodiya’ (the sum of ranks was 10).