STRATEGI PENANGGULANGAN EROSI DI AREAL PENAMBANGAN ANDESIT DESA PENIRAMAN SUNGAI PINYUH KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

Abstract

Abstrak: Potensi kekayaan hasil tambang berupa emas, timbel, besi, mangan, seng, bauksit maupun batuan tersebar di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Tambang batuan dan bukan logam menjadi wewenang pengelolaan sumber daya alam yang dikendalikan oleh Pemerintah daerah. Aktivitas pertambangan batu andesit di Kecamatan Sungai Pinyuh menyebabkan perubahan lingkungan yaitu terjadinya degradasi daya dukung lingkungan. Salah satu degradasi daya dukung lingkungan yang terjadi yaitu erosi. Dampak terjadinya erosi menyebabkan hilangnya bahan organik tanah, hilangnya vegetasi penutup lahan dan tebing – tebing bukit yang rawan longsor, sehingga diperlukan upaya perbaikan dan pencegahan dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi penanggulangan erosi pada areal pertambangan. Adapun hasil analisis kerawanan erosi berdasarkan metode USLE diperoleh nilai erosi terberat sebesar 5.439,35 ton/ha/tahun (TPB-T-A3) hal ini disebabkan oleh tingginya nilai faktor Erodibilitas Tanah (K), kemiringan lereng (LS), serta faktor pengelolaan dan Konservasi Tanah (CP). Sedangkan nilai erosi teringan sebesar 0,25 ton/ha/tahun (TPTB-R-A1). Strategi penanggulangan erosi pada areal pertambangan yang disarankan berdasarkan metode SWOT yaitu berada pada kuadran II berupa strategi diversifikasi atau melakukan penambahan yang disesuaikan berdasarkan kondisi di lapangan yaitu membuat kajian Geoteknik, membuat sistem penyaliran air tambang, membuat jenjang tambang serta merencanakan reklamasi dan pascatambang untuk menanggulangi dampak erosi yang terjadi akibat penambangan andesit.Abstract: The potential wealth of mining products in the form of gold, lead, iron, manganese, zinc, bauxite, and rocks is scattered in West Kalimantan Province. Rock and non-metal mining is the authority to manage natural resources which is controlled by the regional government. Andesite stone mining activities in Sungai Pinyuh District cause environmental changes, namely the degradation of the environment's carrying capacity. One of the environmental carrying capacity degradation that occurs is erosion. The impact of erosion causes loss of soil organic matter, loss of land cover vegetation, and hillsides that are prone to landslides, so efforts to improve and prevent environmental impacts are needed. This study aims to analyze erosion control strategies in mining areas. The results of the erosion susceptibility analysis based on the USLE method showed that the heaviest erosion value was 5,439.35 ton/ha/year (TPB-T-A3). This was caused by the high value of the Soil Erodibility factor (K), slope slope (LS), as well as management factors and Soil Conservation (CP). On the other hand, the lightest erosion value is 0.25 ton/ha/year (TPTB-R-A1). The recommended strategy for controlling erosion in mining areas based on the SWOT method is in quadrant II in the form of a diversification strategy or making additions that are adjusted based on conditions in the field, namely making a geotechnical study, making a mine water distribution system, making mine levels and planning reclamation and post-mining to overcome the impact. erosion caused by andesite mining.