Behavior of Platinum-Group Elements during Hydrous Metamorphism: Constraints from Awaruite (Ni3Fe) Mineralization

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Lithosphere Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.2113/2023/lithosphere_2023_126
Anton Kutyrev, Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Alkiviadis Kontonikas-Charos, Dmitry P. Savelyev, Tamara Yu. Yakich, Ivan A. Belousov, Elena I. Sandimirova, Svetlana V. Moskaleva
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Abstract

Abstract Natural Fe-Ni alloys are common in meteorites and, presumably, the Earth’s core, where they host significant platinum-group elements (PGE). However, little is known on PGE concentrations in hydrothermal or metamorphic Fe-Ni alloys (i.e., awaruite Ni3Fe) from terrestrial rocks. In this work, we examine the geochemistry of awaruite and related minerals from several placer deposits sourced from the suprasubduction ophiolitic (Kamchatsky Mys, Karaginsky Island, and Mamet) and Ural-Alaskan (Galmoenan) complexes of Kamchatka and the Koryak Highlands (Far East Russia) in order to assess the abundance of PGE in awaruite and constrain their mobility under metamorphic and hydrothermal conditions. Studied awaruite from ophiolitic and Ural-Alaskan type complexes formed via desulfurization of pentlandite during serpentinization. Three groups of platinum-group minerals (PGMs) are associated with awaruite from Kamchatsky Mys: (1) Pt-Fe alloys such as ferronickelplatinum (Pt2FeNi) or unnamed Ni2FePt alloys; (2) Os-Ir-Ru alloys of various composition; (3) Pd-Sb minerals which form together with serpentine during hydrothermal alteration. Despite the abundance of PGM inclusions, no significant PGE concentrations were measured in awaruite from the Kamchatsky Mys, Karaginsky Island, or Mamet ophiolites. In contrast, pentlandite relicts in awaruite from placers related to the Galmoenan Ural-Alaskan type complex contain exceptionally high, previously unreported, Os (up to 540 ppm). Awaruite that forms on behalf of this pentlandite does not show any significant Os enrichment. Rare Galmoenan awaruite analyses yield up to 3 ppm Pd. The new data are not in complete accordance with previous studies that reported relatively high (up to first 10 ppm) PGE content in awaruite. We attribute this to low PGE concentration in precursor sulfides and preferential partitioning of PGE into discrete secondary PGM within awaruite. Nevertheless, abundant inclusions of secondary PGM in awaruite provide evidence of PGE mobility during metamorphic and hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks.
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铂族元素在水变质过程中的行为:来自铌铁(Ni3Fe)成矿的约束
天然Fe-Ni合金在陨石中很常见,可能在地核中也很常见,因为它们含有大量的铂族元素(PGE)。然而,对于热液或变质Fe-Ni合金(即无晶Ni3Fe)中PGE的含量知之甚少。在这项工作中,我们研究了来自堪察加半岛和俄罗斯远东地区Koryak高原上俯冲下的毒绿岩(堪察加半岛Mys、Karaginsky岛和Mamet)和乌拉尔-阿拉斯加(Galmoenan)杂岩的几个砂矿床的铝榴辉石和相关矿物的地球化学,以评估铝榴辉石中PGE的丰度,并限制其在变质和热液条件下的流动性。研究蛇绿岩型和乌拉尔-阿拉斯加型络合物中蛇绿岩型和蛇纹石化过程中由镍黄铁矿脱硫形成的白云石。三组铂族矿物(PGMs)与堪察加平原的白石伴生:(1)Pt-Fe合金,如铁镍铂(Pt2FeNi)或未命名的Ni2FePt合金;(2)各种成分的Os-Ir-Ru合金;(3)与蛇纹石在热液蚀变过程中共同形成的Pd-Sb矿物。尽管含有丰富的PGM包裹体,但在堪察加群岛、卡拉金斯基岛或马梅特蛇绿岩中没有测量到显著的PGE浓度。相比之下,来自与Galmoenan乌拉尔-阿拉斯加型杂岩有关的砂矿的榴辉石遗迹中含有异常高的,以前未报道的o(高达540 ppm)。代表该镍长石形成的白钨矿没有表现出明显的氧富集。罕见的Galmoenan石英分析产生高达3 ppm Pd。新的数据并不完全符合先前的研究报告,这些研究报告称,水中的PGE含量相对较高(高达最初的10ppm)。我们将此归因于前驱体硫化物中PGE浓度较低,以及PGE在矿石中优先分配为离散的次级PGM。然而,白云石中丰富的次生PGM包裹体提供了超基性岩石在变质和热液蚀变过程中PGM迁移的证据。
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来源期刊
Lithosphere
Lithosphere GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-GEOLOGY
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
16.70%
发文量
284
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The open access journal will have an expanded scope covering research in all areas of earth, planetary, and environmental sciences, providing a unique publishing choice for authors in the geoscience community.
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