Therapeutic advancement in inflammatory bowel disease by incorporating plant-based diet

Abstract

: Identification and recognition of the ubiquitous environmental factor are prerequisite for treatment and prevention of the disease. The biggest problem with current practice in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the lack of a widely appreciated ubiquitous environmental factor for the disease. The incidence of IBD is associated with dietary transition from a traditional diet to the current (westernized) diet. Prospective cohort studies and case-control studies indicate that the current diet is a risk factor for IBD. The current diet tends to cause gut microbial dysbiosis resulting in a pro-inflammatory state. Therefore, we regard our current diet as this factor. Even nutritionally balanced meals are unable to suppress relapse, particularly in Crohn’s disease (CD). Therefore, we developed a plant-based diet (PBD) (lacto-ovo-semi-vegetarian diet) to counter the current diet. By incorporating the PBD into practice, we achieved far better outcomes in both ulcerative colitis (UC) and CD in both the induction and quiescent phases compared to the current standard therapy. All patients were treated on an inpatient basis and provided with a PBD. CD is far more untenable than UC and is destined to follow a disabling course. Therefore, infliximab was indicated in all patients with CD, but only in severe cases with UC. This infliximab and PBD as first-line (IPF) therapy broke the barrier of primary nonresponders to biologics (around 30%): the remission rate was 96% (44/46) in CD and 76% (13/17) in severe UC. A PBD can induce remission without medication in approximately one-third of mild cases of UC. All patients were advised to adhere PBD after discharge. In CD, a relapse-free outcome was achieved in nearly a half of patients (52%) at 10-year follow-up without biologics or immunosuppressants. Cumulative relapse rates for 51 initial episode cases of UC (18 mild, 30 moderate, 3 severe) at 1 and 5 years were 14% and 27%, respectively. We believe our assertion that the current diet is the ubiquitous environmental factor underlying IBD is correct and a PBD is right diet for the disease.