Dynamics of mortality rates from chronic and acute coronary heart disease in the regions of the Russian Federation in 2013–2021

Abstract

The level of mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) is infl uenced by a signifi cant number of factors. Objective . Assessment of the dynamics and variability of standardized mortality rates (SMR) from chronic IHD and acute forms of ischemic heart disease (AIHD) in the regions of the Russian Federation (RF) in 2013–2021. Material and methods . Data from Rosstat for 2013–2021 on the average annual population and number of deaths in one-year age groups in 82 regions of the RF based on the “Brief Nomenclature of Causes of Death of Rosstat” (BNCDR). SMRs were calculated based on the European standard per 100,000 population. Results . From 2013 to 2019, most regions showed an unstable trend towards a decrease in SMRs from chronic IHD, myocardial infarction (MI), and other AIHD (ICD codes — I20.0, I20.1–9), and an increase in SMRs in 2020 and 2021. The greatest decrease in SMRs was registered for other AIHD (40.2 ± 37.9 in 2013 and 20.5 ± 26.8 in 2021 per 100,000 of population). The coeffi cient of variation between regional SMRs for other AIHD was 120%, for MI — 45%, and for chronic IHD — 37%. Statistically signifi cant diff erences between 2021 and 2013 were found for SMRs from chronic IHD (225.3 ± 76.5 and 207.4 ± 76.9), other AIHD, but not for MI (38.2 ± 18.1 and 30.7 ± 14). Overall, the SMRs from all forms of IHD in 2021 exceeded the indicators of 2013 in 19 regions. The variability and dynamics of regional SMRs from diff erent forms of IHD may be due to both the possibilities and quality of preventive and therapeutic measures, as well as diff erent approaches to determining the cause of death. Conclusions . Most regions show unstable dynamics towards a decrease in SMRs from diff erent forms of IHD, and the obtained results require clarifi cation of the criteria for IHD as the underlying cause of death.