{"title":"Scintillation and bit error rate analysis of zero-order Bessel–Gauss beams in atmospheric turbulence based on the extended Rytov theory","authors":"Yousef M. Shishter, Falah H. Ali, Rupert C. Young","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.4.041205","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Free space diffraction causes the spreading of the received energy at the receiver and thus reduces the signal-to-noise ratio. Bessel–Gauss (BG) beams are considered physically realizable beams, which are robust to free space diffraction over finite propagation distances. Non-diffraction beams have proved useful in many applications, such as optical wireless communications (OWC) and non-linear optics. However, in turbulence BG-beams do suffer from turbulence-induced diffraction. The extended Huygens–Fresnel principle is the main tool of analysis under the effect of strong turbulence. However, the extended Rytov theory (ERT) method provides expressions for the small- and large-scale turbulence-induced signal fluctuations and hence is particularly suitable for statistical channel modeling. In this work, application of the ERT to BG-beams propagating through turbulence is carried out. Closed-form expressions for the induced on-axis small- and large-scale log-irradiance variances are derived. The resultant index of scintillation is analyzed. Then, the error performance of OWC is investigated for BG-beams combined with intensity modulation, M-ary phase shift keying, polarization shift keying, and single-input-multiple-output systems. Significant performance gains are reported compared to Gaussian beams.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optical Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.4.041205","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Free space diffraction causes the spreading of the received energy at the receiver and thus reduces the signal-to-noise ratio. Bessel–Gauss (BG) beams are considered physically realizable beams, which are robust to free space diffraction over finite propagation distances. Non-diffraction beams have proved useful in many applications, such as optical wireless communications (OWC) and non-linear optics. However, in turbulence BG-beams do suffer from turbulence-induced diffraction. The extended Huygens–Fresnel principle is the main tool of analysis under the effect of strong turbulence. However, the extended Rytov theory (ERT) method provides expressions for the small- and large-scale turbulence-induced signal fluctuations and hence is particularly suitable for statistical channel modeling. In this work, application of the ERT to BG-beams propagating through turbulence is carried out. Closed-form expressions for the induced on-axis small- and large-scale log-irradiance variances are derived. The resultant index of scintillation is analyzed. Then, the error performance of OWC is investigated for BG-beams combined with intensity modulation, M-ary phase shift keying, polarization shift keying, and single-input-multiple-output systems. Significant performance gains are reported compared to Gaussian beams.
期刊介绍:
Optical Engineering publishes peer-reviewed papers reporting on research and development in optical science and engineering and the practical applications of known optical science, engineering, and technology.