Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Physical and Mental Health of U.S. Sexual and Gender Minority Adults

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI:10.22541/au.170000834.42958476/v1

Luis Espinoza, Lucas Espinoza, Kim Nguyen-Finn, Leticia Nevarez Zavala

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Abstract

Lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender individuals have persistent obstacles pertaining to their sexual orientation and gender identity, including but not limited to discrimination, prejudice, assault, limited access to healthcare, and inadequate social support. The present study investigates whether there are racial-ethnic differences in the physical and mental health (MH) of sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). Data from 28,345 adults who participated in the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System answered questions regarding sexual orientation (SO), transgender identity (TI), physical health (PH), and MH. SO, and TI were associated with overall general health, acute MH, acute PH, and specific chronic conditions. SO, and TI were associated with acute MH, PH chronic conditions, and overall general health, but not acute PH. Bisexuals had more chronic conditions than heterosexuals and worse acute MH than heterosexuals. SO, and TI strongly predicted acute PH and MH status respectively. These findings can assist healthcare providers in developing strategies to reduce health disparities among SGMs.

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美国性和性别少数群体成年人身心健康的种族差异

女同性恋者、男同性恋者、双性恋者和跨性别者在性取向和性别认同方面持续存在障碍，包括但不限于歧视、偏见、攻击、获得医疗保健的机会有限以及社会支持不足。本研究旨在探讨性少数群体(SGMs)的身心健康(MH)是否存在种族差异。参与2020年行为风险因素监测系统的28345名成年人的数据回答了有关性取向(SO)、跨性别认同(TI)、身体健康(PH)和MH的问题。SO和TI与总体健康状况、急性MH、急性PH和特定慢性病相关。SO和TI与急性MH、PH慢性疾病和总体健康状况有关，但与急性PH无关。双性恋者比异性恋者有更多的慢性疾病，急性MH比异性恋者更严重。SO和TI分别预测急性PH和MH状态。这些发现可以帮助医疗保健提供者制定策略，以减少SGMs之间的健康差异。

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