Medical grade polyamide 12 silver nanoparticle filaments fabricated with in-situ reactive reduction melt-extrusion: rheological, thermomechanical, and bactericidal performance in MEX 3D printing

IF 3.674 4区工程技术 Q1 Engineering Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI:10.1007/s13204-023-02966-4

Nectarios Vidakis, Markos Petousis, Nikolaos Michailidis, Nikolaos Mountakis, Vassilis Papadakis, Apostolos Argyros, Chrysa Charou

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Abstract

The development of bioactive, multi-functional, and cost-effective nanocomposite filaments for additive manufacturing (AM) is pivotal for the evolution of biomedical and healthcare sectors. Herein, an industrially scalable process is reported, to produce medical grade PA12/AgNP nanocomposites, through in-situ reactive melt-mixing, occurring within the filament extruder. Bactericidal elemental nanoparticles (Ag⁰) were formed by silver ions (Ag⁺) reducing from the Silver Nitrate (Ag₂NO₃) precursor, which was suitably added to the polymer melt. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) was deployed in the compound melt, as a reducing macromolecular agent. The produced nanocomposite filaments were utilized to fabricate samples with Material Extrusion (MEX) AM. A total of sixteen (16) different tests were conducted on filaments and 3D-printed samples to assess their mechanical, rheological, thermal, and antibacterial characteristics, in accordance with international standards. The nanocomposites exhibited a significant mechanical reinforcement of up to 50% compared to PA12. Additionally, the Ag-based nanocomposites demonstrated remarkable antimicrobial behavior in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) microbes.

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利用原位反应还原熔融挤压技术制造的医用级聚酰胺 12 银纳米粒子长丝：在 MEX 3D 打印中的流变学、热力学和杀菌性能

为增材制造（AM）开发具有生物活性、多功能和成本效益的纳米复合长丝对于生物医学和医疗保健行业的发展至关重要。本文报告了一种可工业化扩展的工艺，通过在长丝挤出机内进行原位反应熔融混合，生产出医用级 PA12/AgNP 纳米复合材料。银离子（Ag+）从硝酸银（Ag2NO3）前体中还原形成杀菌元素纳米粒子（Ag0），并适当地添加到聚合物熔体中。聚乙烯醇（PVA）作为还原大分子剂被加入到复合熔体中。生产出的纳米复合丝用材料挤压 (MEX) AM 制作样品。根据国际标准，对长丝和三维打印样品共进行了十六（16）项不同的测试，以评估其机械、流变、热和抗菌特性。与 PA12 相比，纳米复合材料的机械性能显著增强了 50%。此外，银基纳米复合材料在金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）和大肠杆菌（E. coli）微生物存在的情况下表现出显著的抗菌性能。

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来源期刊

Applied Nanoscience Materials Science-Materials Science (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

430

期刊介绍： Applied Nanoscience is a hybrid journal that publishes original articles about state of the art nanoscience and the application of emerging nanotechnologies to areas fundamental to building technologically advanced and sustainable civilization, including areas as diverse as water science, advanced materials, energy, electronics, environmental science and medicine. The journal accepts original and review articles as well as book reviews for publication. All the manuscripts are single-blind peer-reviewed for scientific quality and acceptance.