Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Phoenix dactylifera and their anti-microbial potentiality – An in vitro study

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: The consumption of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit holds a widespread presence globally and holds notable importance in the diets of various Arabian nations. The adoption of green synthesis for nanoparticle production presents multiple advantages over conventional physio-chemical methods. Furthermore, these nanoparticles have found diverse applications within the medical field. In light of this, the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using extracts from Phoenix dactylifera (dates) was undertaken. The primary objective of this research was to employ a biosynthesis approach for the creation of zinc oxide nanoparticles utilizing extracts from Phoenix dactylifera (Mabroom dates), and subsequently assessing their potential antimicrobial efficacy. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the Dates extract and zinc sulphate solution was mixed and centrifuged to synthesise zinc oxide nanoparticles. Characterization was assessed using visual identification and UV visual spectrometry analysis. The anti-bacterial activity was analyzed in Mueller Hinton agar against the S. mutans pathogen, whereas anti-fungal activity was analyzed in Rose Bengal agar against the C. albicans pathogen to rule out the zone of inhibition. Results: UV-Visible spectrophotometric spectra acquired after 40 hours of incubation revealed an absorption peak at 275 nm, indicating the existence of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The assessment of antibacterial activity against S. mutans exhibited heightened efficacy with 100 µl of dates and ZnO nanoparticles, demonstrating stronger antibacterial effects. Similarly, the evaluation of antifungal activity against C. albicans displayed robust antifungal potency with 100 µl of dates and ZnO nanoparticles. Conclusion: Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using dates exhibited potent anti-microbial activity and thus future clinical trials can use this for Oral potentially malignant disorders such as candidal leukoplakia, erosive lichen planus etc.