Development of Learning Facilities for ADHD Student Aged 6-9 Years Old at Special School in Indonesia

Bambang Tristiyono, Halimatus Sa’diyah Tualeka AC
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Abstract

Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobiological disorder in the form of inability to focus attention, easily distracted, impulsive, and hyperactive. Children with ADHD are usually aggressive, unable calm down, are difficult to teach, and have trouble focusing when doing an activity. With this, children with ADHD need treatment, special handling, as well as facilities and infrastructure that are suitable for children with ADHD. One special facility for ADHD that looks significant compared to other normal facilities is a study furniture designed for children with ADHD. The study furniture is important because it often interacts with children with ADHD for a long time. The good consideration of a design is the fulfillment of needs that can adapt to user conditions. To get a solution, interviews with experts were conducted, potential users that is children with ADHD aged 6-9 years, literature studies on ADHD, active seating, fidgeting, ergonomics, color, benchmarking to product existing, and analysis of user needs. The results of this design are furniture sets in the form of tables and chairs that use active seating, calm, adjustable, and safe as the concept to support the learning activities of children with ADHD in special schools. The chair design uses the concept of active seating in the form of whole body fidgeting to support hyperactive and inattention symtoms. This design utilizes digital simulation to digitize the concept and simulate it, reducing trial and error during prototype development. Furniture with adjustable height system for children aged 6-9 years with a simple and safe form for the needs of children with ADHD. This design uses muted brown color to give a clean impression and not cause distraction, combined with a muted blue color to give a calming feel from a psychological standpoint and fulfill user preferences.
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印尼特殊学校6-9岁ADHD学生学习设施的发展
注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)是一种神经生物学障碍,表现为无法集中注意力、容易分心、冲动和过度活跃。患有多动症的儿童通常具有攻击性,无法平静下来,很难教,并且在做活动时难以集中注意力。因此,患有多动症的儿童需要治疗,特殊处理,以及适合患有多动症的儿童的设施和基础设施。与其他正常设施相比,ADHD的一个特殊设施看起来很重要,那就是为ADHD儿童设计的学习家具。学习家具很重要,因为它经常与患有多动症的儿童长期互动。设计的良好考虑是满足能够适应用户条件的需求。为了得到解决方案,我们对专家进行了访谈,对6-9岁的ADHD儿童进行了潜在用户访谈,对ADHD进行了文献研究,对现有产品进行了对标,对现有产品进行了对标,对用户需求进行了分析。本次设计的结果是桌椅形式的家具,采用主动座椅,平静,可调节和安全的概念,以支持特殊学校ADHD儿童的学习活动。椅子的设计采用了主动座椅的概念,以全身抖动的形式来支持过度活跃和注意力不集中的症状。本设计利用数字仿真对概念进行数字化和仿真,减少了原型开发过程中的试错。具有可调节高度系统的家具,适合6-9岁的儿童,具有简单安全的形式,适合多动症儿童的需要。这个设计使用柔和的棕色,给人干净的印象,不会引起分心,结合柔和的蓝色,从心理角度给人一种平静的感觉,满足用户的喜好。
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