The conodont genus Neognathodus Dunn, 1970, lower to middle Pennsylvanian, Amazonas Basin, Western Gondwana: Biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental analysis

IF 1.6 4区 地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY Geobios Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.geobios.2022.10.002
Andrés Felipe Rojas Mantilla , Ana Karina Scomazzon , Sara Nascimento , Renata dos Santos Alvarenga , Valesca Brasil Lemos , Paulo Alves de Souza
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Abstract

Conodonts are very abundant, present a wide occurrence worldwide and high evolutionary rates during the Paleozoic and the Triassic, providing the recognition of more than 240 biozones over the 300 million years of their geological history. Neognathodus comprises species useful as biostratigraphic markers for the early-to-middle Pennsylvanian succession. In this paper, we analyze the record of this genus within the Amazonas Basin, northern Brazil, based on 18 wells and several outcropping sections, including limestone exploratory mines, related to the marine deposits of the Tapajós Group (Monte Alegre, Itaituba and Nova Olinda formations). Taxa have been revised, updated and some have been reclassified according to current international taxonomy. All records of this genus were morphologically analyzed using stereomicroscope and Scanning Electronic Microscope images, allowing the recognition of six species: N. symmetricus, N. bassleri, N. medadultimus, N. atokaensis, N. bothrops, and N. roundyi. The occurrences of these species as well their areal distribution in the basin were detailed, resulting in several modeling stratigraphic maps. Four biozones are proposed herein, in ascending stratigraphic order: (i) N. symmetricus-N. bassleri interval Zone, (ii) N. bassleri-N. symmetricus interval Zone, (iii) N. atokaensis taxon range Zone, and (iv) N. atokaensis-N. bassleri interval Zone. A middle Bashkirian to middle Moscovian age is assigned to the studied marine deposits of the Tapajós Group. Neognathodus is related worldwide to neritic, warm and oxygenated water environments both in high energy proximal contexts and in lower energy more distal environments, slightly deeper waters and periodically affected by storms.

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牙形刺属Neognathodus Dunn, 1970,西冈瓦纳河亚马逊河流域宾夕法尼亚中下游:生物地层和古环境分析
牙形刺非常丰富,在古生代和三叠纪期间分布广泛,在世界范围内具有较高的进化速度,在其3亿年的地质历史中提供了240多个生物带的识别。Neognathodus包括可作为宾夕法尼亚早期至中期演替生物地层标志的物种。本文基于巴西北部亚马逊盆地18口井和若干露头剖面,包括石灰岩勘探矿,分析了与Tapajós组(Monte Alegre组、Itaituba组和Nova Olinda组)海相沉积有关的该属记录。根据现行的国际分类标准,对分类单元进行了修订、更新和重新分类。利用体视显微镜和扫描电镜对该属所有记录进行形态分析,鉴定出6种:N. symmetricus、N. bassleri、N. medadultimus、N. atokaensis、N. bothrops和N. roundyi。详细介绍了这些物种的产状及在盆地内的区域分布,绘制了几幅模拟地层图。本文提出了四个生物带,按地层升序排列:(i) n -对称- n。bassleri区间带,(ii) n。(iii) N. atokaensis分类群范围区;(iv) N. atokaensis-N.;低音大提琴间歇区。所研究的Tapajós组海相沉积属于巴什基良中期至莫斯科中期。Neognathodus在世界范围内与浅海、温暖和含氧水环境有关,无论是在高能量的近端环境还是在能量较低的远端环境,略深的水域和周期性受到风暴的影响。
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来源期刊
Geobios
Geobios 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
28
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Geobios publishes bimonthly in English original peer-reviewed articles of international interest in any area of paleontology, paleobiology, paleoecology, paleobiogeography, (bio)stratigraphy and biogeochemistry. All taxonomic groups are treated, including microfossils, invertebrates, plants, vertebrates and ichnofossils. Geobios welcomes descriptive papers based on original material (e.g. large Systematic Paleontology works), as well as more analytically and/or methodologically oriented papers, provided they offer strong and significant biochronological/biostratigraphical, paleobiogeographical, paleobiological and/or phylogenetic new insights and perspectices. A high priority level is given to synchronic and/or diachronic studies based on multi- or inter-disciplinary approaches mixing various fields of Earth and Life Sciences. Works based on extant data are also considered, provided they offer significant insights into geological-time studies.
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