A new metric for sunlight exposure in rivers, lakes, and oceans

IF 5.1 2区 地球科学 Q1 LIMNOLOGY Limnology and Oceanography Letters Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI:10.1002/lol2.10365
John R. Gardner, Martin W. Doyle, Scott H. Ensign, David M. Kahler
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Abstract

Vertical motion is an important driver of sunlight exposure in aquatic environments, shaping the growth and fate of materials and organisms. We derive a simple model accounting for turbulent depth fluctuations of particles to predict the depth that contributes the most sunlight exposure (effective depth) as well as the single depth that, if measured at one place over time, produces the same total sunlight exposure as a moving particle (functional depth). Field measurements of light and depth in rivers using neutrally buoyant drifters and buoys validate our model. Effective depth varied from 0.1 to 1.5 m below the water surface and was ~ 30% of the overall water depth on average. Functional depth varied from 0.67 to 2.3 m and was ~ 50% of the overall water depth on average. Functional and effective depth are physically based concepts incorporating turbulent motion, spatial variability, and water clarity offering new approaches to characterize light exposure in aquatic environments.

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一种衡量河流、湖泊和海洋中阳光照射的新指标
垂直运动是水生环境中阳光照射的重要驱动因素,影响着物质和生物的生长和命运。我们推导了一个简单的模型,用于计算粒子的湍流深度波动,以预测产生最多阳光照射的深度(有效深度)以及单一深度,如果在一个地方随时间测量,则产生与移动粒子相同的总阳光照射(功能深度)。利用中性浮力漂流器和浮标对河流的光和深度进行实地测量,验证了我们的模型。有效深度在水面以下0.1 ~ 1.5 m,平均占总水深的30%左右。功能深度为0.67 ~ 2.3 m,平均占总水深的50%左右。功能深度和有效深度是基于物理的概念,结合了湍流运动、空间变异性和水的清晰度,为表征水环境中的光暴露提供了新的方法。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
3.80%
发文量
63
审稿时长
25 weeks
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography Letters (LO-Letters) serves as a platform for communicating the latest innovative and trend-setting research in the aquatic sciences. Manuscripts submitted to LO-Letters are expected to present high-impact, cutting-edge results, discoveries, or conceptual developments across all areas of limnology and oceanography, including their integration. Selection criteria for manuscripts include their broad relevance to the field, strong empirical and conceptual foundations, succinct and elegant conclusions, and potential to advance knowledge in aquatic sciences.
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