Environmental Control of Hypocotyl Elongation.

IF 21.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1146/annurev-arplant-062923-023852
Johanna Krahmer, Christian Fankhauser
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Abstract

The hypocotyl is the embryonic stem connecting the primary root to the cotyledons. Hypocotyl length varies tremendously depending on the conditions. This developmental plasticity and the simplicity of the organ explain its success as a model for growth regulation. Light and temperature are prominent growth-controlling cues, using shared signaling elements. Mechanisms controlling hypocotyl elongation in etiolated seedlings reaching the light differ from those in photoautotrophic seedlings. However, many common growth regulators intervene in both situations. Multiple photoreceptors including phytochromes, which also respond to temperature, control the activity of several transcription factors, thereby eliciting rapid transcriptional reprogramming. Hypocotyl growth often depends on sensing in green tissues and interorgan communication comprising auxin. Hypocotyl auxin, in conjunction with other hormones, determines epidermal cell elongation. Plants facing cues with opposite effects on growth control hypocotyl elongation through intricate mechanisms. We discuss the status of the field and end by highlighting open questions.

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下胚轴伸长的环境控制。
下胚轴是连接主根和子叶的胚茎。下胚轴长度随条件的不同而变化很大。这种发育可塑性和器官的简单性解释了它作为生长调节模型的成功。光和温度是重要的生长控制线索,使用共享的信号元件。控制黄化幼苗下胚轴伸长的机制与光自养幼苗不同。然而,许多常见的生长调节剂会在这两种情况下进行干预。包括光敏色素在内的多个光感受器也对温度作出反应,控制几种转录因子的活性,从而引发快速的转录重编程。下胚轴的生长通常依赖于绿色组织的感知和由生长素组成的器官间通讯。下胚轴生长素与其他激素一起决定表皮细胞的伸长。面对生长相反影响的线索,植物通过复杂的机制控制下胚轴伸长。我们讨论了该领域的现状,并以突出开放的问题结束。预计《植物生物学年鉴》第75卷的最终在线出版日期为2024年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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来源期刊
Annual review of plant biology
Annual review of plant biology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
40.40
自引率
0.40%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Plant Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Annual Reviews. It has been in publication since 1950 and covers significant developments in the field of plant biology, including biochemistry and biosynthesis, genetics, genomics and molecular biology, cell differentiation, tissue, organ and whole plant events, acclimation and adaptation, and methods and model organisms. The current volume of this journal has been converted from gated to open access through Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program, with all articles published under a CC BY license.
期刊最新文献
Adaptation and the Geographic Spread of Crop Species. Environmental Control of Hypocotyl Elongation. Plant Cryopreservation: Principles, Applications, and Challenges of Banking Plant Diversity at Ultralow Temperatures. Structure and Function of Auxin Transporters. Structural and Evolutionary Aspects of Plant Endocytosis.
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