Adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in adolescents from northern Chile: the moderating role of the attachment style.

IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Psicologia-Reflexao E Critica Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI:10.1186/s41155-023-00273-z
Cristián Pinto-Cortez, Gabriel Peñaloza-Díaz, Nicole Martínez, Sussan Díaz, Nicolle Valdovino, Margariett Zavala, Paola Muzatto-Negrón, Pamela Zapata-Sepúlveda
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Abstract

Background: Identifying the underlying mechanisms through which adverse childhood experiences affect (ACEs) the mental health of adolescents is of paramount importance for disease prevention in later stages of life.

Objective: The present study examines the relationship between ACEs and psychopathology in adolescents from northern Chile and how attachment style (abandonment anxiety and intimacy avoidance) may moderate this relationship. A total of 154 schooled adolescents aged 12 to 17 (M = 15.08, SD = 1.64) completed a series of self-report questionnaires including the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACEs), Experiences in Close Relationships- Relationship Structures (ECR-RS), and Youth Self Report (YSR-18).

Results: The data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25, which included descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA, and Spearman correlation analysis. To address moderation analysis, the PROCESS macro extension version 4.1 was employed. In this process, the bootstrap method was applied to construct confidence intervals, and the pick-a-point approach was used to define the levels of the moderating variable. According to the results, 80.3% of the sample experienced one or more ACEs, and 16.4% reported experiencing at least three. Furthermore, the variables under study exhibited significant correlations with each other, except for intimacy avoidance, which showed no correlation with ACEs (rho = -0.10; p = 0.273). When considering abandonment anxiety as a moderating variable, the direct effect of ACEs on externalizing symptoms showed statistically significant changes (β = 0.60, p = 0.03). No other moderating effects were found according to the proposed models.

Conclusion: In childhood, the accumulation of ACEs is associated with the development of psychopathology in adolescents from northern Chile, specifically with the presence of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. These findings suggest that lower levels of abandonment anxiety could mitigate the effects of ACEs on adolescent psychopathology, while higher levels of abandonment anxiety could exacerbate these effects on psychopathology.

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智利北部青少年不良童年经历与精神病理:依恋类型的调节作用。
背景:确定不良童年经历影响青少年心理健康的潜在机制,对于在生命后期预防疾病至关重要。目的:本研究探讨智利北部青少年ace与精神病理的关系,以及依恋类型(遗弃焦虑和亲密回避)如何调节这种关系。对154名12 ~ 17岁在校青少年(M = 15.08, SD = 1.64)进行了童年不良经历问卷(ace)、亲密关系经历-关系结构问卷(ECR-RS)和青少年自我报告(YSR-18)等一系列自我报告问卷。结果:采用SPSS version 25进行数据分析,包括描述性分析、单因素方差分析和Spearman相关分析。为了进行适度分析,使用了PROCESS宏扩展版本4.1。在此过程中,采用bootstrap方法构建置信区间,并采用pick-a-point方法定义调节变量的水平。根据结果,80.3%的样本经历了一次或多次ace, 16.4%的样本报告经历了至少三次ace。此外,除亲密回避与ace无显著相关(rho = -0.10;P = 0.273)。当考虑抛弃焦虑作为调节变量时,ace对外化症状的直接影响有统计学意义的变化(β = 0.60, p = 0.03)。根据提出的模型,没有发现其他的调节效应。结论:儿童期,ace的积累与智利北部青少年的精神病理发展有关,特别是与内化和外化症状的存在有关。研究结果表明,低水平的被抛弃焦虑可以减轻ace对青少年精神病理的影响,而高水平的被抛弃焦虑会加剧ace对青少年精神病理的影响。
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来源期刊
Psicologia-Reflexao E Critica
Psicologia-Reflexao E Critica PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
35
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: Psicologia: Reflexão & Crítica is a journal published three times a year by Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento (Psychology Graduate Program) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS (Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul). Its objective is to publish original works in the psychology field: articles, short reports on research and reviews as well as to present to the scientific community texts which reflect a significant contribution for the psychology field. The short title of the journal is Psicol. Refl. Crít. It must be used regarding bibliographies, footnotes, as well as bibliographical strips and references.
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