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Parent autonomy support and undergraduates' academic engagement in online learning: the mediate role of self-regulation. 家长自主支持与大学生在线学习的学术参与:自我调节的中介作用。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00330-1
Lili Song, Qiqi Zhan, LuSheng Cao, Runfeng Luo

Background: The role of parent support for adolescents has been validated in online learning. However, less attention has been paid to undergraduates.

Main body: The research used self-reported questionnaires to investigate the mediating effects of self-regulation in parent autonomy support and academic engagement (cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dimensions) within the online environment in the context of Chinese culture.

Objective: The present study recruited 1908 undergraduates in China.

Methods: The students completed measures of parent autonomy support, self-regulation and three sub-dimensions of academic engagement.

Results: The results indicated that parent autonomy support exerted a direct and significant effect on the three sub-dimensions of academic engagement in online learning. Self-regulation partially mediated the relations between parent autonomy support and three sub-dimensions of academic engagement.

Conclusion: These findings showed parents should autonomously support students to promote their cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement. Moreover, the partial mediation explained how parent autonomy support affected three sub-dimensions of academic engagement. Limitations and educational implications were also discussed.

背景:父母对青少年的支持在在线学习中的作用已得到验证。然而,对本科生的关注较少:本研究使用自我报告问卷调查了在中国文化背景下,网络环境中父母自主支持的自我调节与学业参与(认知、行为和情感维度)的中介效应:本研究在中国招募了 1908 名大学生:学生们完成了父母自主支持、自我调节和学业参与三个子维度的测量:结果:结果表明,家长自主支持对在线学习中学业投入的三个子维度有直接和显著的影响。自我调节在一定程度上调节了家长自主支持与学业投入三个子维度之间的关系:这些研究结果表明,家长应为学生提供自主支持,以促进他们在认知、行为和情感方面的参与。此外,部分中介作用解释了家长自主支持如何影响学业投入的三个子维度。此外,还讨论了研究的局限性和教育意义。
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引用次数: 0
Morpho-orthographic segmentation on visual word recognition in Brazilian Portuguese speakers. 形态正字法分段对巴西葡萄牙语使用者视觉单词识别的影响。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00331-0
Humberto Dos Reis Pereira, Francis Ricardo Dos Reis Justi

Objective: Studies have demonstrated a morphological decomposition process in the initial stages of visual word recognition based on orthographically defined morphemes and independent of semantic and lexical information. The present study sought to investigate this phenomenon in adult Brazilian Portuguese-speaking readers.

Method: Participants performed a lexical decision task preceded by primes at two Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA): 33 or 250 ms. The primes had one of the following relations with the target word: morphological (porteiro [DOORKEEPER]-PORTA [DOOR]), morpho-orthographic (cordeiro [LAMB]-CORDA [ROPE]), orthographic (abril [APRIL]-ABRIU [OPENED]), semantic (abelha [BEE]-MEL [HONEY]), or no relation (pessoa [PERSON]-DADO [DICE]).

Results: Priming effects were observed for the morphological and semantic conditions at both SOAs but not for the orthographic and morpho-orthographic conditions.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that semantic representations mediate morphological priming in Brazilian Portuguese since the early stages of visual word recognition.

研究目的研究表明,在视觉单词识别的初始阶段,形态分解过程以正字法定义的词素为基础,与语义和词汇信息无关。本研究试图对巴西葡萄牙语成年读者的这一现象进行调查:方法:受试者在两种刺激起始不同步(SOA)条件下进行词义判断任务:33毫秒或250毫秒。引物与目标词之间存在以下关系之一:形态(porteiro [DOORKEEPER]-PORTA [门])、形态-正字法(cordeiro [LAMB]-CORDA [绳索])、正字法(abril [APRIL]-ABRIU [打开])、语义(abelha [BEE]-MEL [蜂蜜])或无关系(pessoa [PERSON]-DADO [骰子]):结果:在两个 SOAs 条件下,形态和语义条件都观察到了引物效应,但正字法和形态-正字法条件没有观察到引物效应:我们的研究结果表明,语义表征从视觉单词识别的早期阶段就开始介导巴西葡萄牙语中的形态引物。
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引用次数: 0
The gaming disorder test and gaming disorder scale for adolescents: translation and validation among Vietnamese young adults. 青少年游戏障碍测试和游戏障碍量表:在越南青少年中的翻译和验证。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00328-9
Kamolthip Ruckwongpatr, Yu-Han Lee, Ngoc Dang Tran, Le An Pham, Mark D Griffiths, Amir H Pakpour, Cheng-Kuan Lin, Yu-Ting Huang, Jung-Sheng Chen, Sio-Meng Lei, Chung-Ying Lin

Background: Previous studies have shown that the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A) have promising validity and reliability when assessing symptoms of gaming disorder among young adults. However, validity and reliability properties of the two scales have not been established among a Vietnamese population.

Objective: The present study translated the GDT and GADIS-A into Vietnamese and examined their factor structures, measurement invariance, convergent validity, concurrent validity, and divergent validity among university students.

Methods: A total of 610 young adults (mean age = 21.09 years; 63.4% females) were recruited using convenience sampling and who completed a paper-and-pencil survey between April and June 2023. All participants completed a demographic questionnaire, GDT, GADIS-A, and six standardized scales related to gaming disorder, social media addiction, smartphone addiction, and psychological distress. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency testing, and Pearson's correlations were performed.

Results: CFA showed that the GDT had a one-factor structure and the GADIS-A had a two-factor structure. The internal consistency was excellent for both scales among this population. Moreover, both GDT and GADIS-A showed convergent, concurrent, and divergent validity with other standardized scales.

Conclusion: The Vietnamese versions of the GDT and GADIS-A have good psychometrics, which may be utilized in future research regarding gaming disorder among Vietnamese populations.

背景:以往的研究表明,游戏障碍测试(GDT)和青少年游戏障碍量表(GADIS-A)在评估青少年游戏障碍症状时具有良好的有效性和可靠性。然而,这两个量表的有效性和可靠性尚未在越南人群中得到证实:本研究将 GDT 和 GADIS-A 量表翻译成越南语,并考察了它们在大学生中的因子结构、测量不变性、收敛效度、并发效度和发散效度:采用便利抽样法共招募了 610 名年轻人(平均年龄 = 21.09 岁;63.4% 为女性),他们在 2023 年 4 月至 6 月期间完成了纸笔问卷调查。所有参与者都填写了一份人口统计学问卷、GDT、GADIS-A 和六个与游戏障碍、社交媒体成瘾、智能手机成瘾和心理困扰相关的标准化量表。研究人员进行了确认性因子分析(CFA)、内部一致性测试和皮尔逊相关性分析:CFA显示,GDT为单因素结构,GADIS-A为双因素结构。在该人群中,两个量表的内部一致性都非常好。此外,GDT和GADIS-A与其他标准化量表都具有收敛效度、并发效度和发散效度:结论:越南语版的GDT和GADIS-A具有良好的心理测量学特性,可用于未来有关越南人游戏障碍的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric properties of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form in a Peruvian sample. 秘鲁样本中养育压力指数简表的心理计量特性。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00327-w
Katlin T González-López, Sheyra N Vásquez-Chingay, Raquel A Rodrigo-Tintaya, Flor V Leiva-Colos, Wilter C Morales-García, Cristian E Adriano-Rengifo

Background: The stress experienced by parents in fulfilling their parental role has consequences for couple dynamics, parent-child interactions, and the mental health of parents. However, studies on the psychometric properties of the PSI-SF, particularly among Latin American parents, are scarce. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF).

Methods: The participants were Peruvian mothers and fathers with children in early childhood and primary education, with a mean age of 34.4 years (SD = 6.8). The sample was obtained in two phases: 130 participants for the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and 791 participants for the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).

Results: The study results show a modified three-factor structure of the PSI-SF scale, with adequate fit indices (GFI = .99, AGFI = .99, SRMR = .024, CFI = .98, TLI = .98, RMSEA = .074) and loadings above 0.40. Additionally, the three factors of the scale demonstrated high reliability, with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega values for Parental Distress (α = .94; ω = .95), Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction (α = .97; ω = .97), and Difficult Child (α = .94; ω = .94). The scale was also found to be invariant with respect to gender.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the study results suggest that the modified PSI-SF has adequate psychometric properties and is invariant for assessing parental stress in Peruvian fathers and mothers with children in early childhood and primary education.

背景:父母在履行父母职责时所承受的压力会影响夫妻关系、亲子互动以及父母的心理健康。然而,有关 PSI-SF 心理测量特性的研究,尤其是针对拉美父母的研究却很少。因此,本研究旨在评估西班牙文版养育压力指数短表(PSI-SF)的心理测量特性:研究对象为有幼儿和小学子女的秘鲁父母,平均年龄为 34.4 岁(SD = 6.8)。样本分两个阶段获得:130 人参与了探索性因子分析(EFA),791 人参与了确认性因子分析(CFA):研究结果表明,PSI-SF 量表具有修正的三因素结构,拟合指数充足(GFI = .99、AGFI = .99、SRMR = .024、CFI = .98、TLI = .98、RMSEA = .074),载荷高于 0.40。此外,该量表的三个因子均表现出较高的信度,父母压力(α = .94;ω = .95)、亲子功能失调互动(α = .97;ω = .97)和困难儿童(α = .94;ω = .94)的 Cronbach's alpha 值和 McDonald's omega 值均为 0。研究还发现,该量表具有性别不变性:总之,研究结果表明,修订后的 PSI-SF 具有充分的心理测量特性,并且在评估有幼儿和初等教育子女的秘鲁父亲和母亲的父母压力时具有不变性。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptation of the normative rating procedure for the International Affective Picture System to a remote format. 将国际情感图像系统的规范评级程序调整为远程格式。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00326-x
Thayane C Lemos, Laiz A A Silva, Sara D J Gaspar, Guilherme M S Coutinho, Jasmin B Stariolo, Pedro G M R Oliveira, Lethicia S Conceicao, Eliane Volchan, Isabel A David

Background: The Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), a pictorial scale for the measurement of pleasure and arousal dimensions of emotions, is one of the most applied tools in the emotion research field.

Objective: We present a detailed description of a remote method to collect affective ratings in response to pictures by using the SAM scale.

Methods: To empirically validate our remote method, we conducted a study using a digitized version of the SAM scale and delivered online didactic instructions that followed the normative rating procedure for the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) to the participants. We presented 70 pictures from the IAPS and an additional set of 22 food pictures to the participants.

Results: We found strong correlations between the ratings of IAPS pictures obtained in our sample and those reported by North American and Brazilian participants in previous in-person studies that applied the same pictures and methodology. We were also able to obtain an additional standardized set of food pictures.

Conclusion: The protocols described here may be useful for researchers interested in collecting remotely valid and reliable affecting ratings.

背景:自评量表(SAM)是一种测量愉悦和唤醒维度情绪的图形量表,是情绪研究领域最常用的工具之一:我们将详细介绍一种远程方法,利用 SAM 量表收集对图片的情感评分:为了对我们的远程方法进行实证验证,我们使用数字化版本的SAM量表进行了一项研究,并按照国际情感图片系统(IAPS)的规范评分程序向参与者提供了在线教学指导。我们向参与者展示了 70 幅 IAPS 图片和另外一组 22 幅食物图片:结果:我们发现,在我们的样本中获得的对 IAPS 图片的评分与北美和巴西参与者在之前采用相同图片和方法进行的面对面研究中报告的评分之间存在很强的相关性。我们还获得了一组额外的标准化食物图片:本文所述的方案可能对有兴趣收集远程有效和可靠的影响评分的研究人员有用。
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引用次数: 0
Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of human-robot interaction self-efficacy scale in Chinese adults. 中文版人机交互自我效能感量表在中国成年人中的有效性和可靠性。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00324-z
Huixin Gao, Wei Wang, Chengli Huang, Xinru Xie, Duming Wang, Wei Gao, Jie Cai

Background: With the fast-paced advancements of robot technology, human-robot interaction (HRI) has become increasingly popular and complex, and self-efficacy in HRI has received extensive attention. Despite its popularity, this topic remains understudied in China.

Objective: In order to provide a psychometrically sound instrument in China, this study aimed to translate and validate the Self-Efficacy in Human-Robot Interaction Scale (SE-HRI) in two Chinese adult samples (N1 = 300, N2 = 500).

Methods: The data was analyzed by SPSS 26.0 and Amos 24.0. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted using Sample 1 data. Confirmatory factor analysis, criterion-related validity analysis, and reliability analysis were then performed using Sample 2 data.

Results: The results revealed that the Chinese SE-HRI scale consisted of 13 items in a two-factor model, suggesting a good model fit. Moreover, general self-efficacy and willingness to accept the use of artificial intelligence (AI) were both positively correlated with self-efficacy in HRI, while negative attitudes toward robots showed an inverse correlation, proving the Chinese SE-HRI scale exhibited excellent criterion-related validity.

Conclusion: The Chinese SE-HRI scale is a reliable assessment tool for evaluating self-efficacy in HRI in China. The study discussed implications and limitations, and suggested future directions.

背景:随着机器人技术的快速发展,人机交互(HRI)变得越来越普及和复杂,人机交互中的自我效能感也受到了广泛关注。尽管它很受欢迎,但国内对这一主题的研究仍然不足:为了在中国提供一个心理测量学上可靠的工具,本研究旨在翻译并在两个中国成人样本(N1 = 300,N2 = 500)中验证人机交互自我效能感量表(SE-HRI):数据采用 SPSS 26.0 和 Amos 24.0 进行分析。使用样本 1 的数据进行了项目分析和探索性因素分析。然后使用样本 2 数据进行了确认性因素分析、标准相关效度分析和信度分析:结果显示,中文 SE-HRI 量表由 13 个项目组成,属于双因素模型,表明模型拟合良好。此外,一般自我效能感和接受使用人工智能(AI)的意愿均与人力资源创新的自我效能感呈正相关,而对机器人的负面态度则呈反相关,这证明中国的 SE-HRI 量表具有良好的标准相关效度:结论:中国 SE-HRI 量表是评估中国人力资源创新自我效能感的可靠评估工具。研究讨论了其意义和局限性,并提出了未来的发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
The celebrity effect on gaze following in older and young adults. 名人效应对老年人和年轻人目光追随的影响。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00319-w
Airui Chen, Zhaojun Yuan, Sihan Zhou, Qingqing Yu, Fangyuan Zhang, Bo Dong

Background: In daily life, people often follow others' gaze direction to infer their attention and mental state. This phenomenon is known as gaze following.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether gaze following in different age groups is influenced by celebrity identity.

Methods: We recruited 70 participants, including 35 older adults and 35 young adults. The experimental materials consisted of three faces with different identity information (a political leader, a movie star, and an ordinary person). Each face had left and right gaze conditions. Targets and cues were presented with both longer and shorter stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) conditions.

Results: Both older adults and young adults exhibited similar gaze following behaviors. Importantly, the celebrity effect on gaze following was observed in both groups, with stronger effects induced by the leader's and star's gazes compared to the ordinary person's gaze. Older adults showed a larger facilitation effect under the longer SOA condition compared to the shorter SOA, while no such SOA-related facilitation effect was found for young adults.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that older adults can integrate social information from others' faces (celebrity identity) into the process of gaze following as effectively as young adults.

背景介绍在日常生活中,人们经常会追随他人的目光方向来推断其注意力和精神状态。这种现象被称为目光追随:本研究旨在探讨不同年龄段人群的目光追随是否会受到名人身份的影响:我们招募了 70 名参与者,其中包括 35 名老年人和 35 名年轻人。实验材料包括三张具有不同身份信息的人脸(政治领袖、电影明星和普通人)。每张面孔都有左右注视条件。目标和线索的刺激开始不同步(SOA)条件有长有短:结果:老年人和年轻人都表现出了相似的注视跟随行为。重要的是,两组人都观察到了名人效应对目光追随的影响,与普通人的目光相比,领导者和明星的目光引起的影响更大。与较短的SOA相比,老年人在较长的SOA条件下表现出更大的促进效应,而年轻人则没有发现这种与SOA相关的促进效应:这些研究结果表明,老年人可以像年轻人一样有效地将来自他人面部的社会信息(名人身份)整合到目光追随过程中。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of the cancer survivors' self-efficacy scale. 评估繁体中文版癌症幸存者自我效能感量表的心理测量特性。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00317-y
Ching-Hui Chien, Cheng-Keng Chuang, Chun-Te Wu, See-Tong Pang, Kuan-Lin Liu, Kai-Jie Yu

Background: The reliability and validity of the traditional Chinese version of the Cancer Survivors' Self-Efficacy Scale (CS-SES-TC) has not been assessed.

Objective: To assess the psychometric properties of the Traditional Chinese version of the CS-SES-TC.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the outpatient departments of a hospital in Taiwan. A single questionnaire was administered to 300 genitourinary cancer survivors. The scales included in the initial questionnaire were the CS-SES-TC, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General scale (FACT-G). Data obtained from 300 survivors were used to confirm the structure through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results: The CFA results indicate that the 11-item CS-SES-TC is consistent with the original scale. Furthermore, it was identified as a unidimensional scale, with the model showing acceptable goodness-of-fit (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.97). The factor loading of each item in the CS-SES-TC was above 0.6 and had convergent validity. Based on multiple-group CFA testing, the change (ΔCFI) between the unconstrained and constrained models was ≤ 0.01, indicating that measurement invariance holds for gender. The participants' CS-SES-TC scores were positively correlated with their FACT-G scores and negatively correlated with their CES-D scores. The scales exhibited concurrent validity and discriminant validity. The CS-SES-TC had a Cronbach's α in the range of .97-.98.

Conclusion: The CS-SES-TC had acceptable reliability and validity. Healthcare workers can use this scale for ongoing assessment of the cancer-related self-efficacy of cancer survivors.

背景:中文版癌症幸存者自我效能感量表(CS-SES-TC)的信度和效度尚未得到评估:癌症幸存者自我效能感量表(CS-SES-TC)繁体中文版的信度和效度尚未得到评估:评估繁体中文版癌症幸存者自我效能感量表(CS-SES-TC)的心理测量学特性:方法:从台湾一家医院的门诊部招募参与者。对 300 名泌尿生殖系统癌症幸存者进行了单一问卷调查。初始问卷中包含的量表有 CS-SES-TC、一般自我效能量表、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)和癌症治疗功能评估总量表(FACT-G)。从 300 名幸存者那里获得的数据通过确证因子分析(CFA)确认了该结构:CFA结果表明,由11个项目组成的CS-SES-TC与原量表一致。此外,该量表被确定为单维量表,模型显示出可接受的拟合优度(CFI = 0.99,TLI = 0.97)。CS-SES-TC 中各项目因子载荷均高于 0.6,具有收敛效度。根据多组 CFA 检验,无约束模型和有约束模型之间的变化(ΔCFI)小于 0.01,表明性别测量不变性成立。参与者的 CS-SES-TC 分数与 FACT-G 分数呈正相关,与 CES-D 分数呈负相关。量表具有并发效度和判别效度。CS-SES-TC 的 Cronbach's α 在 0.97-.98 之间:CS-SES-TC 具有可接受的信度和效度。医护人员可以使用该量表对癌症幸存者的癌症相关自我效能进行持续评估。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological assessment in school contexts: ethical issues and practical guidelines. 学校环境中的心理评估:伦理问题和实用指南。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00318-x
Irene Cadime, Sofia A Mendes

Background: Psychological assessment in school settings involves a range of complexities and ethical dilemmas that practitioners must navigate carefully. This paper provides a comprehensive review of common issues faced by school psychologists during assessments, discussing best practices and ethical guidelines based on codes from various professional organizations.

Methods: We examine the entire assessment process, from pre-assessment considerations like informed consent and instrument selection to post-assessment practices involving results communication and confidentiality. Key ethical concerns addressed include fairness in assessment, cultural and linguistic appropriateness of testing materials, and issues surrounding informed consent.

Results: Specific challenges discussed include selecting appropriate assessment instruments that reflect the diverse needs and backgrounds of students, ensuring fairness and removing bias in testing, and effectively communicating results to various stakeholders while maintaining confidentiality. We emphasize the importance of multi-source, multi-method assessment approaches and the critical role of ongoing professional development in ethical practice.

Conclusion: By adhering to established ethical standards and best practices, school psychologists can effectively support the educational and developmental needs of students. This paper outlines actionable recommendations and ethical considerations to help practitioners enhance the accuracy, fairness, and impact of their assessments in educational settings.

背景:学校环境中的心理评估涉及一系列复杂的问题和伦理困境,从业者必须谨慎处理。本文全面回顾了学校心理学家在评估过程中面临的常见问题,讨论了基于各专业组织守则的最佳实践和道德准则:我们研究了整个评估过程,从评估前的考虑,如知情同意和工具选择,到评估后涉及结果交流和保密的实践。讨论的主要伦理问题包括评估的公平性、测试材料的文化和语言适宜性以及与知情同意有关的问题:讨论的具体挑战包括:选择适当的评估工具,以反映学生的不同需求和背景;确保公平,消除测试中的偏见;以及在保密的同时,有效地将结果传达给各利益相关方。我们强调了多来源、多方法评估方法的重要性,以及持续的专业发展在道德实践中的关键作用:通过遵守既定的道德标准和最佳实践,学校心理学家可以有效地支持学生的教育和发展需求。本文概述了可操作的建议和伦理考虑因素,以帮助从业人员提高评估的准确性、公平性和在教育环境中的影响力。
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引用次数: 0
School-based intervention for anxiety using group cognitive behavior therapy in Pakistan: a feasibility randomized controlled trial. 在巴基斯坦利用团体认知行为疗法对焦虑症进行校本干预:可行性随机对照试验。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-024-00311-4
Saman Ijaz, Iffat Rohail, Shahid Irfan

Background: Anxiety and mood disorders are the main cause of illness in people under the age of 25, accounting for 45% of the global disease burden, whereas 4.6% of teenagers aged 15 to 19 are predicted to experience anxiety. Pakistan country, with a population of 200 million, has the worst mental health indicators and fewer than 500 psychiatrists. Despite the existence of various treatments for anxiety, this goes unrecognized and untreated. Due to a lack of awareness, evaluation, prevention, and interventional programs related to being implemented among adolescents in Pakistan, there is a rise in mental health issues in the earlier years of life. It calls for a critical need for indigenous, evidence-based interventions. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based interventions to reduce anxiety symptoms among school children in Pakistan.

Methods: This study was a pre-post design, two-arm, single-blinded, feasibility, randomized controlled trial. Thirty-four participants (experimental group, n = 17; control group, n = 17) were recruited from four semi-government schools in Rawalpindi with a mean age of 15 (M = 15, SD = 0.73). Two instruments Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth (BAI-Y II) and BASC-3 Behavioural and Emotional Screening System Student (BESS-SF) were used to assess the severity of symptoms. Participants in the intervention arm received eight-group therapy CBT sessions. A two-way factorial analysis was used to examine the efficacy of CBT in reducing symptom severity.

Results: This study's findings showed that in comparison to the wait-list control group, CBT successfully improved anxiety symptoms among school children while enhancing their social skills.

Conclusion: This study will help improve the treatment for anxiety in Pakistan by prioritizing school-based intervention and group-based CBT intervention.

Trial registration: The trial has been registered at the American Economic Association's registry for randomized controlled trials.

Rct id: AEARCTR-0009551 . Registered 2022-07-04.

背景:焦虑症和情绪障碍是 25 岁以下人群的主要致病原因,占全球疾病负担的 45%,而在 15 至 19 岁的青少年中,预计有 4.6% 的人患有焦虑症。巴基斯坦拥有 2 亿人口,其精神健康指标最差,精神科医生不足 500 人。尽管存在各种治疗焦虑症的方法,但焦虑症仍未得到承认和治疗。由于缺乏对巴基斯坦青少年的认识、评估、预防和干预计划,早年的心理健康问题呈上升趋势。这就迫切需要本土的循证干预措施。本研究旨在评估以认知行为疗法(CBT)为基础的干预措施在减少巴基斯坦学龄儿童焦虑症状方面的可行性:本研究是一项前后设计、双臂、单盲、可行性随机对照试验。从拉瓦尔品第的四所半官方学校招募了 34 名参与者(实验组,n = 17;对照组,n = 17),他们的平均年龄为 15 岁(M = 15,SD = 0.73)。使用贝克青少年焦虑量表(BAI-Y II)和 BASC-3 学生行为和情绪筛查系统(BESS-SF)这两种工具来评估症状的严重程度。干预组的参与者接受了八次 CBT 团体治疗。研究采用双向因子分析来检验 CBT 在降低症状严重程度方面的疗效:研究结果表明,与等待对照组相比,CBT 成功地改善了学龄儿童的焦虑症状,同时提高了他们的社交能力:这项研究将有助于改善巴基斯坦的焦虑症治疗,优先考虑以学校为基础的干预和以小组为基础的 CBT 干预:该试验已在美国经济协会的随机对照试验注册中心注册:Aearctr-0009551 .注册日期:2022-07-04。
{"title":"School-based intervention for anxiety using group cognitive behavior therapy in Pakistan: a feasibility randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Saman Ijaz, Iffat Rohail, Shahid Irfan","doi":"10.1186/s41155-024-00311-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41155-024-00311-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety and mood disorders are the main cause of illness in people under the age of 25, accounting for 45% of the global disease burden, whereas 4.6% of teenagers aged 15 to 19 are predicted to experience anxiety. Pakistan country, with a population of 200 million, has the worst mental health indicators and fewer than 500 psychiatrists. Despite the existence of various treatments for anxiety, this goes unrecognized and untreated. Due to a lack of awareness, evaluation, prevention, and interventional programs related to being implemented among adolescents in Pakistan, there is a rise in mental health issues in the earlier years of life. It calls for a critical need for indigenous, evidence-based interventions. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based interventions to reduce anxiety symptoms among school children in Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a pre-post design, two-arm, single-blinded, feasibility, randomized controlled trial. Thirty-four participants (experimental group, n = 17; control group, n = 17) were recruited from four semi-government schools in Rawalpindi with a mean age of 15 (M = 15, SD = 0.73). Two instruments Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth (BAI-Y II) and BASC-3 Behavioural and Emotional Screening System Student (BESS-SF) were used to assess the severity of symptoms. Participants in the intervention arm received eight-group therapy CBT sessions. A two-way factorial analysis was used to examine the efficacy of CBT in reducing symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study's findings showed that in comparison to the wait-list control group, CBT successfully improved anxiety symptoms among school children while enhancing their social skills.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will help improve the treatment for anxiety in Pakistan by prioritizing school-based intervention and group-based CBT intervention.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial has been registered at the American Economic Association's registry for randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Rct id: </strong>AEARCTR-0009551 . Registered 2022-07-04.</p>","PeriodicalId":46901,"journal":{"name":"Psicologia-Reflexao E Critica","volume":"37 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11333417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Psicologia-Reflexao E Critica
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