Nitrate contamination in groundwater and preferred treatment technology in rural India

Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Security Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.wasec.2023.100149

Ravindra Sewak, Poonam Sewak, Pooja Sarvotham Singh

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Abstract

Understanding the impact of human activity on the levels of nitrates found in groundwater is essential. Anthropogenic sources, such as nitrogen-rich fertilizers in agriculture and animal excrement, have led to high nitrate concentrations in groundwater globally. High nitrate concentrations can cause health issues for infants, children, and adults. The Safe Water Network is working towards providing safe and affordable drinking water to communities in India, where nitrate levels in groundwater are alarmingly high. Treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis and ion exchange effectively reduce nitrate concentrations in water supplies. While the government is pursuing surface water use, it often presents higher risks of microbial contamination and elevated concentrations of contaminants from run-off. It is crucial to take measures to mitigate nitrate contamination in groundwater to ensure the health and safety of communities.

Safe Water Network serves communities with safe, affordable drinking water in Telangana and Maharashtra in India, where the nitrate levels in groundwater reach up to 300 mg/l, nearly seven times the 45 mg/l limit specified in India's national drinking water standards, making nitrate reduction essential.

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印度农村地下水硝酸盐污染及优选处理技术

了解人类活动对地下水中硝酸盐含量的影响至关重要。人为来源，如农业中的富氮肥料和动物粪便，导致全球地下水中硝酸盐浓度很高。高浓度的硝酸盐会对婴儿、儿童和成人造成健康问题。安全水网正在努力为印度的社区提供安全和负担得起的饮用水，那里的地下水硝酸盐含量高得惊人。反渗透和离子交换等处理技术可有效降低供水中的硝酸盐浓度。虽然政府正在寻求地表水的利用，但它往往会带来微生物污染和径流污染物浓度升高的更高风险。采取措施减轻地下水硝酸盐污染对保障社区健康和安全至关重要。安全水网络为印度泰伦加纳邦和马哈拉施特拉邦的社区提供安全、负担得起的饮用水，这些地区地下水中的硝酸盐含量高达300毫克/升，是印度国家饮用水标准规定的45毫克/升上限的近7倍，因此减少硝酸盐含量至关重要。

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来源期刊

Water Security Earth and Planetary Sciences-Oceanography

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

0.00%

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期刊介绍： Water Security aims to publish papers that contribute to a better understanding of the economic, social, biophysical, technological, and institutional influencers of current and future global water security. At the same time the journal intends to stimulate debate, backed by science, with strong interdisciplinary connections. The goal is to publish concise and timely reviews and synthesis articles about research covering the following elements of water security: -Shortage- Flooding- Governance- Health and Sanitation