Lateral changes of crustal extension and passive margin type along the Brazilian southeastern margin

IF 2.1 4区 地球科学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Journal of Sea Research Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.seares.2023.102459
Mikael Arnemann , Vitor Abreu , Sidnei Rostirolla , Eduardo Barboza
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Abstract

For the last half century, studies based on an increasing, diverse data set, have focused on passive continental margin evolution, as a result of a sequence of tectonic processes that occur in crustal scale and in the geological time. Where extensive subsurface data exists, two distinct endmembers of continental margin architectures were first described along specific margins of the North Atlantic: 1) wide continent-ocean transitions or hyper-extended; 2) narrow continent-ocean transitions or hypo-extended. The lateral transition between these endmember margins, which can occur laterally in short distances, is still not fully understood. The same two endmember margin types are observed across passive margins around the world and notably along the South Atlantic margin. In an area known for controversial interpretations about the crustal nature and the limits of thinned continental crust, this investigation integrates crustal thickness, seismic interpretation, and facies analyses across ∼150,000 km of seismic data along the Brazilian southeastern margin. This study has implications for those investigating the crustal geometry variations for basin analysis and results impact hydrocarbon assessments for the southeastern margin of Brazil. We resume continental margin analyses, in a critical moment as hydrocarbon exploration advances from the continental slope to ultra-deep waters. Results indicate a marked change from a narrow, hypo-extended, sub-aerial, Iceland-like, plume-related volcanic crust in the Pelotas Basin, to a hyper-extended, Iberia-like, magma-rich crust in the Santos Basin, which is separated by a pronounced oceanic transform-fault zone. Dextral movement along this NW-oriented fault zone accommodated differential extensional rates between the hypo- and the hyper-extended margins. Lateral variations in magmatic content within these margin types are interpreted as result from the interaction with mantellic plumes. Margin architecture can locally be affected by pre-existing fault zones and be later modified by oceanic transform faults. The interactions between crustal extensional rates, crustal rheology, mantle underplating, and volcanic material exhumed through mantle-derived plumes, are the key controls for the evolution of continental margins. Tectonic framework classification proposed in this study presents an alternative, original model for continental passive margins evolution.

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巴西东南边缘地壳伸展和被动边缘类型的横向变化
在过去的半个世纪里,基于越来越多的、多样化的数据集的研究集中在被动大陆边缘演化上,这是地壳尺度和地质时代发生的一系列构造过程的结果。在大量地下资料存在的地方,首先沿着北大西洋的特定边缘描述了大陆边缘结构的两个不同的末端成员:1)广泛的大陆-海洋过渡或超扩展;2)狭窄的陆-海过渡或次扩张。这些端元边缘之间的横向过渡,可以在短距离内横向发生,仍然没有完全理解。同样的两种端元边缘类型在世界各地的被动边缘上都可以观察到,特别是在南大西洋边缘。在一个以对地壳性质和薄大陆地壳界限的有争议的解释而闻名的地区,这项调查整合了地壳厚度、地震解释和巴西东南边缘约15万公里地震数据的相分析。这项研究对那些研究地壳几何变化的盆地分析和结果影响巴西东南边缘的油气评价具有启示意义。在油气勘探从大陆斜坡向超深水推进的关键时刻,我们恢复了大陆边缘分析。结果表明,佩洛塔斯盆地从一个狭窄的、次伸展的、空下的、类似冰岛的、与羽流相关的火山地壳,转变为桑托斯盆地的一个超伸展的、类似伊比利亚的、富含岩浆的地壳,并被一个明显的海洋转换断裂带隔开。沿北西向断裂带的右向运动使得次伸展边缘和超伸展边缘的伸展速率存在差异。这些边缘类型内岩浆含量的横向变化被解释为与地幔柱相互作用的结果。边缘构造在局部受到已存在的断裂带的影响,随后又受到大洋转换断层的修正。地壳伸展速率、地壳流变学、地幔底沉积和地幔源羽流喷发出的火山物质之间的相互作用是控制大陆边缘演化的关键因素。本研究提出的构造格架分类为大陆被动边缘演化提供了一种新颖的替代模式。
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来源期刊
Journal of Sea Research
Journal of Sea Research 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
86
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sea Research is an international and multidisciplinary periodical on marine research, with an emphasis on the functioning of marine ecosystems in coastal and shelf seas, including intertidal, estuarine and brackish environments. As several subdisciplines add to this aim, manuscripts are welcome from the fields of marine biology, marine chemistry, marine sedimentology and physical oceanography, provided they add to the understanding of ecosystem processes.
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