Journal of Sea Research最新文献

{"title":"Linking estuarine ecology with reproductive phenology in the Indian backwater oyster Crassostrea madrasensis: A multivariate framework perspective","authors":"Afshana Ferdous ,&nbsp;Israt Jahan ,&nbsp;Sourav Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Md Ramzan Ali ,&nbsp;Md Nayeem Hossain ,&nbsp;Md Moshiur Rahman ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sadequr Rahman Khan ,&nbsp;Md Asaduzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nuanced understanding of the reproductive dynamics, growth trajectories, and environmental interactions of the Indian backwater oyster (<em>Crassostrea madrasensis</em>) is indispensable for advancing knowledge for ensuring population sustainability, tropical mariculture, and guiding conservation strategies in monsoon-driven tropical ecosystems. Therefore, this study undertook an integrated, year-long (May 2023–April 2024) investigation of reproductive biology, biometric growth patterns, and trophic relationships of <em>C. madrasensis</em> from the Moheshkhali Channel, a dynamic marine-influenced habitat along the southeast coast of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, employing a multivariate analytical framework. Biometric assessments revealed consistent negative allometric growth, indicating preferential energetic allocation to shell accretion over somatic tissue development, thereby reflecting adaptive morphological plasticity in response to local environmental pressures. Histological analyses identified two distinct spawning peaks during the pre-monsoon (April–June) and post-monsoon (October–December) periods, corroborated by elevated condition indices (CI) and presumptive gonadosomatic indices (P.GSI). Seasonal fluctuations in sex ratios demonstrated a flexible reproductive strategy, characterized by female predominance during periods of heightened primary productivity and the occurrence of transient hermaphroditism during transitional months. Multivariate analyses (PCA and CVA) revealed strong seasonal coupling among reproductive stages, plankton ingestion patterns, and key environmental drivers, including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient availability. Planktonic diet composition exhibited pronounced seasonal shifts aligned with reproductive cycles, underscoring adaptive nutritional adjustments that support gametogenesis. The pre-monsoon reproductive phase appeared to rely primarily on endogenous energy reserves, whereas post-monsoon spawning was closely synchronized with peaks in phytoplankton abundance and nutrient influx, suggesting opportunistic utilization of exogenous energy inputs. Collectively, these findings advance ecological understanding of wild populations of <em>C. madrasensis</em>, offering vital baseline knowledge to guide conservation and sustainable utilization for maintaining natural oyster stocks and adaptive mariculture strategies in monsoon-influenced tropical estuarine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of typhoon landfall time on seawall breach and flood evolution based on the case of typhoon Maria (1808)","authors":"Cheng Chen ,&nbsp;Peifeng Luo ,&nbsp;Qu Wang ,&nbsp;Weifang Ruan ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Tingyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a case study of Typhoon Maria (2018) affecting Yacheng Town, Xiapu County, Fujian Province, China, to investigate how typhoon landfall timing relative to the astronomical tide influences seawall breaching and flood evolution under storm surge conditions. The study employs the MIKE 21 model, SWAN model, and DLbreach model to simulate the breach process and flood inundation under different typhoon landfall timings. The findings indicate that the storm surge effect intensifies with earlier typhoon landfall, and the typhoon waves are positively correlated with the water level. Additionally, adjusting the typhoon landfall time by three hours earlier or later significantly reduces the flood inundation area, but adjusting it by one hour has little effect. The quantitative results are specific to this case study of Typhoon Maria at Yacheng Town. These findings provide a crucial scientific basis and reference for the formulation of disaster prevention and mitigation measures for seawalls and the design of coastal engineering projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of communities and habitats in submarine canyons. The case study of the Avilés canyon system, southern Bay of Biscay","authors":"Augusto Rodríguez-Basalo ,&nbsp;Alberto Abad-Uribarren ,&nbsp;Pilar Rios ,&nbsp;Francisco Sánchez ,&nbsp;Javier Cristobo ,&nbsp;María Gómez-Ballesteros ,&nbsp;Elena Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the presence of vulnerable marine ecosystems and map their spatial distribution for conservation purposes, we conducted high resolution studies of macrobenthic species aggregations and habitats in the southern Bay of Biscay. The study area covers three submarine canyons and a rocky outcrop, and was sampled using non-invasive photogrammetric techniques. To study the community structure, we analyzed the aggregations of sessile macrobenthic species using hierarchical cluster analysis based on Bray-Curtis similarity index. The main groups obtained were cold-water corals accompanied by hexactinellid sponges, brisingids and black corals; aggregations of demosponges; a sedimentary habitat dominated by pennatulids; and two lower bathyal habitats, one dominated by <em>Acanthogorgia armata</em> and <em>Thouarella (Euthouarella) grasshoffi</em>, and another by the foraminifera <em>Syringammina</em> aff. <em>fragilissima</em>. To obtain their spatial distribution, we developed two-part hurdle models for each group by combining binomial presence–absence predictions with negative binomial density models of key species, identified by a similarity percentage analysis. Results indicated high densities of cold-water corals along the canyon walls and in deep biogenic and geogenic zones; sponge aggregations on shallow hard substrates, and high density of pennatulids, mainly <em>Kophobelemnon stelliferum</em>, in sedimentary areas. These findings provide an essential baseline knowledge for the implementation of on ecosystem-based management plans and conservation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of successive marine heatwaves on the diversity of rocky intertidal communities","authors":"Ken Ishida ,&nbsp;Yuki Kanamori ,&nbsp;Yuan Yao ,&nbsp;Yoko Wada ,&nbsp;Takehisa Yamakita ,&nbsp;Takashi Noda","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, clarification of the impacts of marine heatwaves (MHWs) on marine ecosystems has become an important topic. However, most previous studies that have assessed impacts of MHWs have not adequately reduced stochasticity, which has led to insufficient assessment of the direct effects of MHWs. There are also few studies that evaluate the accumulative carryover effects; which occur when the effects of successive events accumulatively increase over time. In addition, many studies have examined the effects of MHWs on abundance, but relatively few on diversity. From 2010 to 2016, southeastern Hokkaido in northern Japan experienced successive MHWs. Here, we assessed the accumulative carryover effects and the impact of MHWs on diversity (species richness and abundance-weighted diversity indices) with reduced stochasticity for four major functional groups (macroalgae, sessile invertebrates, herbivorous mollusks, and carnivorous invertebrates) of rocky intertidal communities. Surveys were conducted before (2004–2009), during (2010–2016), and after (2017–2018) MHWs. We found that the accumulative carryover effects were not detected in diversity. The results demonstrate that MHWs are to lead to accumulative carryover effects on abundance than on diversity. We also found that the direct effects of MHWs on diversity (i.e., increase or decrease of diversity indices during and after MHWs) were different among the four functional groups. These results were due to differences in species composition within the functional groups, such as the proportion of warm water species and cold affinity species and the proportion of dominant species. Thus, multiple metrics should be quantified simultaneously when assessing impacts on MHWs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A coupled Swin transformer-LSTM network for high-resolution ocean wave forecasting: A reanalysis-driven skill assessment in the Chinese marginal seas","authors":"Yongqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Delei Li ,&nbsp;Xiang Gong ,&nbsp;Jianlong Feng ,&nbsp;Hailong Liu ,&nbsp;Jifeng Qi ,&nbsp;Baoshu Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate wave forecasting is essential for maritime safety and provides crucial scientific guidance for coastal operations and planning. Most artificial intelligence-based wave forecast models were conducted at coarse resolutions, e.g., 0.25° or 0.5° spatial resolution, and struggled to maintain high forecasting accuracy for extended periods. Here, we introduce the coupled Swin Transformer-LSTM network (SwinLSTM), a hybrid architecture designed to make a spatiotemporal forecast of significant wave height (SWH) at a 0.1-degree resolution over 72-h lead-time in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea. In this study, both historical and lead-time wind fields are taken from the ERA5 reanalysis; therefore, the reported skill reflects a reanalysis-driven (hindcast-style) evaluation that provides an upper-bound estimate under near-perfect wind forcing. The SwinLSTM architecture effectively captures spatial dependencies, simultaneously extracting both long-term and short-term spatiotemporal dependencies in ocean wave dynamics for efficient two-dimensional spatial forecasting. Through sensitivity experiments, the optimal configuration was determined, with historical wind, SWH, topography, and ERA5 reanalysis future wind (used here as a proxy forcing for lead-time prediction) identified as the optimal input combinations using a 6-h encoding time step. Based on comprehensive model evaluation with this optimal configuration, our results demonstrate that for forecast horizons of 1-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 48-, and 72-h, the spatially averaged root mean square error (RMSE) values are 0.113, 0.121, 0.155, 0.190, 0.221, and 0.232 m, respectively, with corresponding spatial correlation coefficients (CC) of 0.989, 0.987, 0.980, 0.972, 0.963, and 0.960. For forecast lead times longer than 12-h, comparisons show that our model is among the best ones in AI-based wave models, showing high prediction accuracy while maintaining satisfactory stability and robustness across different temporal scales. The wave forecast capability and robustness were validated under conditions of cold air outbreaks and typhoon events, demonstrating the model's ability to capture the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of extreme wave events. These findings demonstrate the potential for high-resolution SWH forecasting with enhanced accuracy and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous fishponds are sediment traps for terrigenous sediment on the southern coast of Moloka'i, Hawaii","authors":"Tavailau Tauala Segi ,&nbsp;Richard A. Gill","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrigenous sediment transport is a major driver of coastal degradation in high-island tropical systems, where steep volcanic watersheds rapidly deliver sediment to the nearshore littoral zone. Indigenous Hawaiian fishponds are engineered coastal embankments with sluice structures that retain land-derived sediments and limit their dispersal across reef platforms. This study quantified the distribution of terrigenous sediment within and adjacent to coastal fishponds along the south-central shore of Moloka'i, Hawaii, using grain-size analysis and elemental composition. We also assessed whether fishpond wall restoration influences sediment retention and whether coastal drainage channels affect spatial sediment patterns across the inner littoral zone. Our results show that fishponds retain significantly higher proportions of clay, fine silt, and land-derived trace elements compared to adjacent open coastal flats, confirming their role as effective sediment traps. While restoration status influences elemental accumulation associated with embankment structure and hydrological connectivity, it does not significantly affect particle-size distribution. Spatial patterns of terrigenous sediment across the inner littoral zone were more strongly associated with proximity to watershed outlets than with fishpond condition. These findings demonstrate that traditional coastal embankments can meaningfully modulate watershed-to-coastal sediment fluxes, highlighting their relevance to contemporary sediment-mitigation and coastal-management strategies in Pacific Island ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring nitrogen pollution using isotopic composition of macrophytes in oligotrophic tropical coastal areas: A short review","authors":"Hanna-May Malahel ,&nbsp;Charlotte R. Dromard ,&nbsp;Isabelle Mussio ,&nbsp;Pascal Claquin","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explores the application of nitrogen stable isotopes measurements as a tool for monitoring nitrogen inputs in coastal zones, focusing on oligotrophic tropical ecosystems. Pulsed nutrient enrichment leads to the proliferation of macroalgae, compromising the health of coral reefs and seagrass beds. Through the analysis of 52 studies, we compile isotopic signatures measured in macroalgae and seagrass, while proposing reference thresholds to identify nitrogen pollution sources in tropical areas. By standardizing these isotopic compositions, our review aims to provide useful benchmarks for researchers and managers of coastal ecosystems. The main pollution sources identified include wastewater, groundwater, aquaculture, and fertilizers, each characterized by distinct δ¹⁵N ranges. Among these, wastewater and sewage show the highest isotopic values (&gt;10 ‰), while inorganic fertilizers exhibit the lowest (down to −4.5 ‰). Macroalgae, particularly <em>Dictyota</em> and Rhodophyta species (e.g. <em>Laurencia</em>), were most frequently used as bioindicators due to their wide distribution and responsiveness to nutrient variation. <em>Thalassia testudinum</em> emerged as the most commonly used seagrass species across studies. However, seagrasses overall were less frequently employed than macroalgae, and typically displayed less sensitivity to nitrogen enrichment in their isotopic signatures. The review highlights practical aspects of isotopic monitoring, including macrophyte selection, caging techniques, sample preparation, and environmental variables affecting interpretation such as seasonality, depth, and hydrodynamic conditions. Caging, though underused in seagrass studies, proved essential in areas lacking native bioindicators. Finally, we provide recommendations for future studies to enhance consistency and standardization allowing temporal and intersites comparisons. This approach offers a cost-effective and sensitive tool for detecting nutrient inputs in vulnerable tropical ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CatBoost-based prediction of suspended sediment concentration in the Pearl River estuary: Driving mechanisms unraveled via SHAP analysis","authors":"Xiaofei Cheng ,&nbsp;Yunzhi Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Xie ,&nbsp;Liang Du ,&nbsp;Dan Wu ,&nbsp;Rui Xiao ,&nbsp;Guoxuan Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2026.102668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on predicting suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and analyzing its influencing factors in the Pearl River Estuary (Zhuhai, China) using in-situ hydrological data collected from October 2022 to May 2023. Nine mainstream machine learning models were compared, with the Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) model identified as the optimal for SSC prediction. CatBoost achieved high accuracy, with a Pearson Correlation Coefficient (R) of 0.76, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 3.76 mg/L, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 2.47 mg/L, Median Absolute Error (MedAE) of 2.04 mg/L, and Mean Squared Logarithmic Error (MSLE) of 0.198 mg/L, outperforming models such as Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), Ramdom Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Stratified analysis showed it performed well for low-to-medium SSC (≤30 mg/L) but had limited accuracy for high SSC (&gt;30 mg/L). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis revealed that significant wave height (Hs) and surface current speed (SCS) were the dominant drivers, with Hs exerting the most substantial influence. Both factors exhibited a pronounced positive regulatory effect on SSC. Further tests on variable combinations indicated that the simplified input mode (Hs + SCS) alone was sufficient to achieve accurate SSC predictions, with no significant improvement from adding more variables. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of CatBoost in SSC prediction and highlights key influencing factors via SHAP, providing a robust framework for precise SSC forecasting in estuarine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 102668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical study of nutrient responses to environmental factors in complex river-estuary interactions","authors":"Yuling Liu ,&nbsp;Zhikun Song ,&nbsp;Mingliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A three-dimensional hydrodynamic and ecological model was constructed to understand the spatiotemporal distributions of nutrients and their dynamic responses to environmental factors in the Liao River Estuary (LRE) and Daliao River Estuary (DLRE). The simulated results were validated using observed data, demonstrating high simulation accuracy. Nitrogen nutrient concentrations were highest in spring and summer of 2023, while dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentrations and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-<em>a</em>) were highest in summer. Under scenarios of reduced nutrient loads by 10 %–30 %, the dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations at selected stations decreased by 5.2 %–9.8 % and 14 %–29 %, respectively, while the DIP concentrations decreased by 2.8 %–8 % and 8.4 %–24.4 %. A 20 % discharge increase resulted in reductions of 6.61 % and 6.56 % in DIN and DIP concentrations during summer flood season, respectively. The reclamation for construction promoted the advection and diffusion of pollutants from the LRE into the sea but weakened the migration of pollutants in the DLRE. The study insights can enhance our understanding of estuarine water quality processes and provide valuable guidance for pollutant control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 102664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing coastal resilience in China: Spatiotemporal dynamics, regional inequality, and structural drivers","authors":"Shiye Yi ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhijian Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the resilience of coastal cities is a global priority, yet the spatiotemporal dynamics, inequalities, and drivers of resilience at the city level remain poorly understood. This study investigates these issues across 54 Chinese coastal cities from 2012 to 2022. Using an integrated framework that includes spatial statistics, inequality decomposition, and interpretable machine learning, we analyze a multi-dimensional resilience index. Results show that while overall resilience has increased, spatial polarization between advanced and peripheral cities has intensified, driven primarily by intra-regional disparities. Crucially, we identify green production as the primary structural driver of resilience, surpassing the importance of traditional economic indicators. We also find strong evidence of positive spatial spillovers, demonstrating that a city's resilience is significantly influenced by its neighbors. These findings challenge conventional economic-centric resilience models and indicate that future policy must prioritize ecological governance and coordinated regional planning to achieve equitable and sustainable coastal development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 102663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}