Growth performance, serum parameters, inflammatory responses, intestinal morphology and microbiota of weaned piglets fed 18% crude protein diets with different ratios of standardized ileal digestible isoleucine to lysine

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Nutrition Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI:10.1016/j.aninu.2023.11.008

Jian Wang, Sujie Liu, Jiayu Ma, Xiaoli Dong, Shenfei Long, Xiangshu Piao

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Abstract

The present study was to explore the Ile requirement of piglets fed 18% crude protein (CP) diets. Two hundred and fifty 28-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets (8.37 ± 1.92 kg) were randomly divided into 5 dietary treatments (10 piglets per replicate, 5 barrows and 5 gilts per replicate) with 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Ile-to-Lys ratios, and the SID Lys was formulated to 1.19%. The experimental design consisted of two phases (d 1 to 14 and d 15 to 28). Results showed that average daily gain (ADG) had a tendency to quadratically increase as the SID Ile-to-Lys ratio increased (P = 0.09), and the optimum SID Ile-to-Lys ratios required to maximize ADG were 48.33% and 54.63% for broken-line linear model and quadratic polynomial model, respectively. Different SID Ile-to-Lys ratios had no significant effects on average daily feed intake and gain-to-feed ratio. Dry matter (P < 0.01), CP (P = 0.01), ether extract (P = 0.04), gross energy (P < 0.01) and organic matter (P < 0.01) digestibility increased quadratically. Serum total cholesterol levels decreased linearly (P = 0.01) and quadratically (P < 0.01); aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.01), interleukin-1β (P = 0.01), and tumor necrosis factor-α (P < 0.01) levels decreased quadratically; immunoglobulin G (P = 0.03) and immunoglobulin M (P = 0.01) concentrations increased quadratically. Serum Ser levels decreased linearly (P < 0.01) and quadratically (P = 0.01); Glu (P = 0.02), Arg (P = 0.05), and Thr (P = 0.03) levels decreased quadratically; Gly (P < 0.01) and Leu (P = 0.01) levels decreased linearly; Ile (P < 0.01) concentration increased linearly. Duodenal villus height (P < 0.01) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (P < 0.01) increased quadratically. The deficiency or excess of Ile decreased short chain fatty acid-producing bacteria abundance and increased pathogenic bacteria abundance. Overall, taking ADG as the effect index, the optimum SID Ile-to-Lys ratios of piglets offered 18% CP diets were 48.33% and 54.63% based on two different statistical models, respectively, and the deficiency or excess of lle negatively affected piglet growth rates and health status.

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饲喂不同回肠可消化异亮氨酸/赖氨酸标准比例的18%粗蛋白质饲粮对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清参数、炎症反应、肠道形态和微生物群的影响

本试验旨在探讨仔猪饲粮中18%粗蛋白质(CP)的Ile需要量。选取28日龄杜×长×大仔猪250头(体重8.37±1.92 kg)，按45%、50%、55%、60%、65%的标准回肠可消化率(SID -Lys)随机分为5个饲粮处理(每个重复10头仔猪，每个重复5头母猪和5头后备母猪)，其中标准回肠可消化率为1.19%。试验设计分为两个阶段(第1 ~ 14天和第15 ~ 28天)。结果表明:平均日增重(ADG)随SID Ile-to-Lys比的增加呈二次增加趋势(P = 0.09)，折线线性模型和二次多项式模型下，ADG最大化所需的SID Ile-to-Lys比分别为48.33%和54.63%;不同SID赖氨酸/赖氨酸比值对平均日采食量和料重比无显著影响。干物质(P <0.01)、粗蛋白质(P = 0.01)、粗脂肪(P = 0.04)、总能量(P <0.01)和有机质(P <0.01)消化率呈二次增长。血清总胆固醇水平呈线性(P = 0.01)和二次(P <0.01);天冬氨酸转氨酶(P <0.01)、白细胞介素-1β (P = 0.01)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (P <0.01)水平呈二次下降;免疫球蛋白G (P = 0.03)和免疫球蛋白M (P = 0.01)浓度呈二次增长。血清丝氨酸水平线性下降(P <0.01)和二次(P = 0.01);Glu (P = 0.02)、Arg (P = 0.05)、Thr (P = 0.03)水平呈二次曲线下降;Gly (P <0.01)和亮氨酸水平线性下降(P = 0.01);(P <0.01)浓度线性增加。十二指肠绒毛高度(P <0.01)，绒毛高度与隐窝深度比(P <0.01)呈二次增长。Ile缺乏或过量使短链脂肪酸产生菌数量减少，致病菌数量增加。综上所述，以平均日增重为影响指标，根据两种不同的统计模型，18% CP饲粮中仔猪的最佳赖氨酸/赖氨酸比值分别为48.33%和54.63%，赖氨酸缺乏或过量对仔猪生长速度和健康状况均有不利影响。

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来源期刊

Animal Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

3.20%

发文量

172

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Animal Nutrition encompasses the full gamut of animal nutritional sciences and reviews including, but not limited to, fundamental aspects of animal nutrition such as nutritional requirements, metabolic studies, body composition, energetics, immunology, neuroscience, microbiology, genetics and molecular and cell biology related to nutrition, and more applied aspects of animal nutrition, such as raw material evaluation, feed additives, nutritive value of novel ingredients and feed safety.