A Multi-Method Analysis of the Role of Social Safety Behavior in Loneliness

IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Cognitive Therapy and Research Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI:10.1007/s10608-023-10449-7
Tapan A. Patel, Lauren A. Stentz, Jesse R. Cougle
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Abstract

Background

Recent research has found a strong link between loneliness and social anxiety above and beyond other psychological constructs. Given these strong relationships, the present study sought to determine if mechanisms that maintain social anxiety may also play a role in loneliness. Specifically, the present study used two samples to explore the role of social safety behavior (SBs; behaviors intended to avoid, prevent, or manage threat) in loneliness.

Methods

In Study 1, we explored this relationship in an unselected sample (N = 98). In Study 2, participants (N = 132) with elevated social anxiety were randomized to a two-week SB fading manipulation or a no-instruction control.

Results

SBs were positively associated with loneliness, independent of co-occurring social anxiety. Further, changes in SBs were associated with changes in loneliness one-month later, and social anxiety was no longer significantly associated with loneliness once SBs were entered in these models. SB fading led to significantly lower loneliness at post-manipulation, relative to the control condition, though this effect was only found in individuals high in baseline loneliness. Additionally, a moderated mediation model found that for individuals high in pre-manipulation loneliness, change in loneliness was accounted for by change in negative interpretation bias, a key mechanism in both loneliness and social anxiety.

Conclusions

Taken together, these findings indicate that targeting SB may be a viable method of addressing loneliness, though further research is needed.

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社会安全行为在孤独感中的作用的多方法分析
最近的研究发现,孤独和社交焦虑之间的紧密联系超越了其他心理结构。鉴于这些紧密的关系,本研究试图确定维持社交焦虑的机制是否也可能在孤独中发挥作用。具体而言,本研究采用两个样本来探讨社会安全行为(SBs;(在孤独中为避免、防止或管理威胁而采取的行为)。方法在研究1中,我们在一个未选择的样本(N = 98)中探讨了这种关系。在研究2中,社交焦虑升高的参与者(N = 132)被随机分配到为期两周的SB消退操作组或无指导对照组。结果ssbs与孤独感呈正相关,与共发社交焦虑无关。此外,一个月后,SBs的变化与孤独感的变化相关,一旦将SBs纳入这些模型,社交焦虑就不再与孤独感显著相关。相对于控制组,脑皮层衰退导致操作后孤独感显著降低,尽管这种影响仅在基线孤独感高的个体中发现。此外,一个有调节的中介模型发现,对于高操纵前孤独感的个体,孤独感的变化是由负性解释偏见的变化所解释的,负性解释偏见是孤独和社交焦虑的关键机制。综上所述,这些发现表明针对SB可能是一种解决孤独感的可行方法,尽管还需要进一步的研究。
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来源期刊
Cognitive Therapy and Research
Cognitive Therapy and Research PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
52
期刊介绍: Cognitive Therapy and Research (COTR) focuses on the investigation of cognitive processes in human adaptation and adjustment and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). It is an interdisciplinary journal welcoming submissions from diverse areas of psychology, including cognitive, clinical, developmental, experimental, personality, social, learning, affective neuroscience, emotion research, therapy mechanism, and pharmacotherapy.
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