Artificial Groundwater Replenishment in the Republic of Kalmykia: The Sources, Problems, and Perspectives

IF 0.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Water Resources Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI:10.1134/s0097807823700173

L. S. Rybnikova, M. G. Morozov, P. A. Rybnikov, N. L. Frolova, A. V. Komin

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Abstract

The Republic of Kalmykia is located in the northwestern part of the Caspian Region and belongs to arid regions. The issue of water resources availability is extremely relevant here. Groundwater plays an important role in this aspect as a main and often the only source of drinking water supply. However, its use is limited because of its low natural quality. An approach to an increase in the operational groundwater reserves is its artificial replenishment. The Russian Research Institute for Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources in 2020–2021 studied the possibility of replenishing water resources of subsurface water bodies in the Republic of Kalmykia by the accumulation of surface water. The results of the studies suggested a conclusion that the artificial replenishment of groundwater in the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia is inexpedient, because even in years with the surface runoff volume with 50% exceedance probability, the volume of surface runoff will be not enough for freshening groundwater within a year to the standard level (TDS ≤1.0 g/dm³). The formation of a permanent freshwater lens (the presence of which is of particular importance in dry years) in an aquifer within the system including infiltration basin and water well is impossible because its full drawdown will take place every year.

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卡尔梅克共和国人工地下水补给:来源、问题和前景

卡尔梅克共和国位于里海地区西北部，属于干旱地区。水资源可得性的问题与此极为相关。地下水在这方面起着重要的作用，它是主要的而且往往是唯一的饮用水供应来源。然而，由于其天然质量较低，其使用受到限制。增加可使用地下水储量的一个办法是人工补充。2020-2021年俄罗斯水资源综合利用和保护研究所研究了通过地表水积累补充卡尔梅克共和国地下水体水资源的可能性。研究结果表明，在卡尔梅克共和国境内人工补充地下水是不合适的，因为即使在地表径流量超过50%概率的年份，地表径流量也不足以在一年内将地下水净化到标准水平(TDS≤1.0 g/dm3)。在系统内的含水层(包括渗透盆地和水井)中形成永久淡水透镜体(在干旱年份尤为重要)是不可能的，因为它每年都会发生完全下降。

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来源期刊

Water Resources 环境科学-水资源

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Water Resources is a journal that publishes articles on the assessment of water resources, integrated water resource use, water quality, and environmental protection. The journal covers many areas of research, including prediction of variations in continental water resources and regime; hydrophysical, hydrodynamic, hydrochemical and hydrobiological processes, environmental aspects of water quality and protection; economic, social, and legal aspects of water-resource development; and experimental methods of studies.