{"title":"Seasonal climate summary southern hemisphere (spring 2015): El Niño nears its peak","authors":"David J. Martin","doi":"10.1071/es16017","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Southern hemisphere circulation patterns and associated anomalies for the austral spring 2015 are reviewed, with an emphasis on Pacific climate indicators and Australian rainfall and temperature patterns. A strong El Niño persisted in the tropical Pacific Ocean with sea-surface temperature anomalies in excess of +2 °C in central and eastern parts, strongly negative outgoing longwave radiation near the Date Line, and the Southern Oscillation Index showing large negative departures. The positive Indian Ocean Dipole that had established in winter dissipated in late November, but was particularly influential on Australia's climate during the months of September and October.Australia’s spring rainfall was below average in the first two months, but improved later in the season: the northern half of Western Australia recorded above average November rainfall. Nevertheless, area-averaged rainfall in spring was below average for the country as a whole. For Australia, October was the warmest on record and had the highest mean temperature anomaly on record for any month since 1910. Spring temperatures were above average and Australia recorded its second-warmest spring on record, behind the record set in the previous year.","PeriodicalId":55419,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1071/es16017","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Southern hemisphere circulation patterns and associated anomalies for the austral spring 2015 are reviewed, with an emphasis on Pacific climate indicators and Australian rainfall and temperature patterns. A strong El Niño persisted in the tropical Pacific Ocean with sea-surface temperature anomalies in excess of +2 °C in central and eastern parts, strongly negative outgoing longwave radiation near the Date Line, and the Southern Oscillation Index showing large negative departures. The positive Indian Ocean Dipole that had established in winter dissipated in late November, but was particularly influential on Australia's climate during the months of September and October.Australia’s spring rainfall was below average in the first two months, but improved later in the season: the northern half of Western Australia recorded above average November rainfall. Nevertheless, area-averaged rainfall in spring was below average for the country as a whole. For Australia, October was the warmest on record and had the highest mean temperature anomaly on record for any month since 1910. Spring temperatures were above average and Australia recorded its second-warmest spring on record, behind the record set in the previous year.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science (JSHESS) publishes broad areas of research with a distinct emphasis on the Southern Hemisphere. The scope of the Journal encompasses the study of the mean state, variability and change of the atmosphere, oceans, and land surface, including the cryosphere, from hemispheric to regional scales.
general circulation of the atmosphere and oceans,
climate change and variability ,
climate impacts,
climate modelling ,
past change in the climate system including palaeoclimate variability,
atmospheric dynamics,
synoptic meteorology,
mesoscale meteorology and severe weather,
tropical meteorology,
observation systems,
remote sensing of atmospheric, oceanic and land surface processes,
weather, climate and ocean prediction,
atmospheric and oceanic composition and chemistry,
physical oceanography,
air‐sea interactions,
coastal zone processes,
hydrology,
cryosphere‐atmosphere interactions,
land surface‐atmosphere interactions,
space weather, including impacts and mitigation on technology,
ionospheric, magnetospheric, auroral and space physics,
data assimilation applied to the above subject areas .
Authors are encouraged to contact the Editor for specific advice on whether the subject matter of a proposed submission is appropriate for the Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science.