Johann Rudolph Glauber: the royals’ alchemist and his secret recipes

IF 1.8 3区 化学 Q1 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Foundations of Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI:10.1007/s10698-023-09493-8
Curt Wentrup
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Abstract

Compelling evidence is presented that Glauber worked as a laborator (laboratory assistant) for Landgrave Georg of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1632/33 till he was appointed apothecary in Giessen in 1635. During this time, he was also used as laborator by the landgrave’s personal physician, Helwig Dieterich. Glauber became a famous chemist, whose alchemical secrets were keenly solicited by King Frederik III of Denmark, Queen Christina of Sweden, and, according to the 1662 diary of Ole Borch, King Charles II of England. A 1689 letter to Queen Christina contains detailed descriptions of Glauber’s alkahest, his decomposition and redintegration of saltpeter, and his ‘most secret sal armoniacum’, which is interpreted here for the first time.

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约翰-鲁道夫-格劳伯:王室的炼金术士和他的秘方
有令人信服的证据表明,格劳伯从 1632/33 年起为黑森-达姆施塔特的格奥尔格侯爵担任实验室助理,直到 1635 年被任命为吉森的药剂师。在此期间,他还曾被侯爵的私人医生赫尔维格-迪特里希(Helwig Dieterich)用作实验员。格劳伯成为了一位著名的化学家,丹麦国王弗雷德里克三世、瑞典王后克里斯蒂娜,以及根据奥勒-博尔赫 1662 年的日记,英国国王查理二世都曾向他求教炼金术的秘密。在 1689 年写给克里斯蒂娜王后的一封信中,详细描述了格劳伯的炼金术、硝石的分解和再分解以及他的 "最秘密的亚硝酸盐"。
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Foundations of Chemistry
Foundations of Chemistry HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-
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22.20%
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35
期刊介绍: Foundations of Chemistry is an international journal which seeks to provide an interdisciplinary forum where chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, educators and sociologists with an interest in foundational issues can discuss conceptual and fundamental issues which relate to the `central science'' of chemistry. Such issues include the autonomous role of chemistry between physics and biology and the question of the reduction of chemistry to quantum mechanics. The journal will publish peer-reviewed academic articles on a wide range of subdisciplines, among others: chemical models, chemical language, metaphors, and theoretical terms; chemical evolution and artificial self-replication; industrial application, environmental concern, and the social and ethical aspects of chemistry''s professionalism; the nature of modeling and the role of instrumentation in chemistry; institutional studies and the nature of explanation in the chemical sciences; theoretical chemistry, molecular structure and chaos; the issue of realism; molecular biology, bio-inorganic chemistry; historical studies on ancient chemistry, medieval chemistry and alchemy; philosophical and historical articles; and material of a didactic nature relating to all topics in the chemical sciences. Foundations of Chemistry plans to feature special issues devoted to particular themes, and will contain book reviews and discussion notes. Audience: chemists, biochemists, philosophers, historians, chemical educators, sociologists, and other scientists with an interest in the foundational issues of science.
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