Silicon Sources on Biochemical Responses and Corynespora cassiicola Control in Cucumber Plants

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Gesunde Pflanzen Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI:10.1007/s10343-023-00956-8
Ivan Herman Fischer, João Vitor Pelizzaro Morales, Lucas Meleiro da Silva, Rosemary Marques de Almeida Bertani, Angélica Cristina Fernandes Deus, Renato de Mello Prado, Sérgio Florentino Pascholati
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Abstract

Target spot, caused by Corynespora cassiicola, is an important leaf disease affecting cucumber plants, and alternative management studies are essential for the economic viability of this crop. Silicates were evaluated for the control of target spot and its pathogen, and the biochemical responses of plants were characterized. Preventive spraying was performed three times, at weekly intervals, with K2SiO3 + Cu and K2SiO3, at the concentrations 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112 mg L−1 silicon (Si). Assessments included mycelial growth and germination in vitro; disease severity; number and diameter of lesions; pathogen sporulation on leaves; activities of the enzymes peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and β‑1,3‑glucanase, and leaf levels of phenolic compounds. The application of Si-based sources had no effect in vitro, nor did it affect lesion diameter and sporulation. Disease severity was lowest after five days of inoculation for treatments with 56 and 84 mg L−1 Si, but there was no disease control after three and seven days. The number of lesions was smallest from 28 to 112 mg L−1 Si, after five days of inoculation, and at 56 mg L−1 Si after seven days of inoculation for the treatment K2SiO3 + Cu, as well as at 56 and 112 mg L−1 Si after five days and at 84 and 112 mg L−1 Si after seven days of inoculation for K2SiO3. In general, there were no differences between the tested silicates. Enzyme activities and phenolic compound levels were not influenced by Si. The reduction in the disease severity and in the number of lesions, even if dependent on Si concentration or day of evaluation, demonstrated the possible viability of Si in controlling cucumber target spot, especially after further studies.

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硅源对黄瓜植株生化反应和 Corynespora cassiicola 控制的影响
黄瓜靶斑病由Corynespora cassiicola引起,是影响黄瓜植株的一种重要叶部病害,替代性管理研究对该作物的经济可行性至关重要。对硅酸盐防治靶斑病及其病原体的效果进行了评估,并对植物的生化反应进行了鉴定。用 K2SiO3 + Cu 和 K2SiO3 进行预防性喷洒,浓度分别为 0、28、56、84 和 112 mg L-1 硅(Si),每周喷洒三次。评估包括体外菌丝生长和发芽;病害严重程度;病变数量和直径;叶片上的病原体孢子;过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性以及叶片酚类化合物的含量。在体外施用硅源没有影响,也不影响病斑直径和孢子的产生。接种五天后,56 和 84 mg L-1 Si 处理的病害严重程度最低,但三天和七天后病害没有得到控制。K2SiO3 + Cu 处理的病斑数量在接种 5 天后,28 至 112 mg L-1 Si 的病斑数量最少;接种 7 天后,56 mg L-1 Si 的病斑数量最少;接种 5 天后,56 和 112 mg L-1 Si 的病斑数量最少;接种 7 天后,84 和 112 mg L-1 Si 的病斑数量最少。总的来说,测试的硅酸盐之间没有差异。酶活性和酚类化合物水平不受 Si 的影响。病害严重程度和病斑数量的减少(即使取决于硅的浓度或评估天数)表明,硅在控制黄瓜靶斑病方面可能是可行的,尤其是在进一步研究之后。
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来源期刊
Gesunde Pflanzen
Gesunde Pflanzen 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
25.80%
发文量
152
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Gesunde Pflanzen publiziert praxisbezogene Beiträge zum Pflanzenschutz in Landwirtschaft, Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau und öffentlichem Grün und seinen Bezügen zum Umwelt- und Verbraucherschutz sowie zu Rechtsfragen. Das Themenspektrum reicht von der Bestimmung der Schadorganismen über Maßnahmen und Verfahren zur Minderung des Befallsrisikos bis hin zur Entwicklung und Anwendung nicht-chemischer und chemischer Bekämpfungsstrategien und -verfahren, aber auch zu Fragen der Auswirkungen des Pflanzenschutzes auf die Umwelt, die Sicherung der Ernährung sowie zu allgemeinen Fragen wie Nutzen und Risiken und zur Entwicklung neuer Technologien. Jedes Heft enthält Originalbeiträge renommierter Wissenschaftler, aktuelle Informationen von Verbänden sowie aus der Industrie, Pressemitteilungen und Personalia. Damit bietet die Zeitschrift vor allem Behörden und Anwendern im Agrarsektor und Verbraucherschutz fundierte Praxisunterstützung auf wissenschaftlichem Niveau.
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