Patterns of occurrence of the sub-Antarctic fur seal Arctocephalus tropicalis (Gray 1872) in Southern Brazil: climatic and environmental associations

IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Polar Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI:10.1007/s00300-023-03206-9
Carlos de Oliveira, Murilo Guimarães, Lucas Schroeder, Marcelo Zagonel-Oliveira, Gyrlene Aparecida Mendes da Silva, Márcio Borges-Martins, Daniel Danilewicz, Jonatas Henrique Fernandes Prado, Venisse Schossler, Silvina Botta, Eduardo Resende Secchi, Francisco Eliseu Aquino, Sergio Curi Estima, Marthán N. Bester, Larissa Rosa de Oliveira
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Abstract

This study presents the pattern of occurrence of sub-Antarctic fur seals (SAFS), Arctocephalus tropicalis, in the southern Brazilian coast and evaluate its association with climatic variability and anomalies in the concentration of chlorophytes and sea surface temperature in the reproductive colonies of Gough and Tristan da Cunha Islands. Date, sex, and age class of 254 stranded SAFS recorded between 1992 and 2013 were analyzed. Representative indexes of the patterns of climatic variability and environmental variables were obtained between four and five months before the records, the assumed interval of displacement for species between their closest breeding colonies and the southern Brazilian coast. The species was observed in southern Brazil between May and November each year, and most individuals were adult males. The records of SAFS on the southern Brazilian coast were associated with low concentration of chlorophytes interacting with negative sea surface temperature anomalies, and positive events of South Annular Mode, South Atlantic Ocean Dipole and Indian Ocean Dipole. Climatic variability is influencing the ecology SAFS, because it affects the environmental factors, that act as a driver of dispersion of the species. These variables had been interacting together in the region of the breeding colonies, and possibly during the fur seals’ journey towards the Brazilian coast. Considering the current scenario of global climate change, we expect that SAFS will continue to disperse to areas beyond their regular distribution, not only in the direction of the coasts of southern continents, but also further south, towards higher latitudes.

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亚南极海狗 Arctocephalus tropicalis(Gray 1872)在巴西南部的出现模式:与气候和环境的关系
本研究介绍了亚南极海狗(Arctocephalus tropicalis)在巴西南部海岸的出现模式,并评估了其与气候变异以及戈夫岛和特里斯坦-达库尼亚群岛繁殖地叶绿素浓度和海面温度异常的关联。研究分析了 1992 年至 2013 年间记录的 254 只搁浅的南极海龟的日期、性别和年龄。在记录前 4 至 5 个月,即物种在其最近繁殖地和巴西南部海岸之间的假定迁移间隔期间,获得了气候变异和环境变量模式的代表性指数。每年 5 月至 11 月期间,在巴西南部都能观察到该物种,大多数个体为成年雄性。巴西南部海岸的 SAFS 记录与低浓度叶绿素、负海面温度异常以及南环流模式、南大西洋偶极子和印度洋偶极子的正事件相互作用有关。气候的多变性影响着南极海洋生物的生态学,因为它影响着环境因素,而环境因素是物种扩散的驱动力。这些变量在海狗繁殖地区域相互作用,也可能在海狗前往巴西海岸的过程中相互作用。考虑到当前全球气候变化的情况,我们预计海狗将继续向其常规分布区以外的地区扩散,不仅向南部大陆海岸扩散,而且还将向更南的高纬度地区扩散。
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来源期刊
Polar Biology
Polar Biology 生物-生态学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
11.80%
发文量
116
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Polar Biology publishes Original Papers, Reviews, and Short Notes and is the focal point for biologists working in polar regions. It is also of interest to scientists working in biology in general, ecology and physiology, as well as in oceanography and climatology related to polar life. Polar Biology presents results of studies in plants, animals, and micro-organisms of marine, limnic and terrestrial habitats in polar and subpolar regions of both hemispheres. Taxonomy/ Biogeography Life History Spatio-temporal Patterns in Abundance and Diversity Ecological Interactions Trophic Ecology Ecophysiology/ Biochemistry of Adaptation Biogeochemical Pathways and Cycles Ecological Models Human Impact/ Climate Change/ Conservation
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