Examining the varied concentrations of Mentha spicata and Ocimum basilicum affect the synthesis of AgNPs that restrict the development of bacteria

Abstract

This work examined the effects of varied concentrations of Ocimum basilicum and Mentha spicata aqueous extracts in order to determine the concentration that has the strongest antibacterial impact through the green synthesis technique of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In order to synthesize AgNPs using the reduction method, different quantities of reducing and stabilizing agents: (a) 0.75 mM Ocimum basilicum and 0.25 mM Mentha spicata; (b) 0.5 Mentha spicata and 0.5 mM Ocimum basilicum; and (c) 0.25 mM Ocimum basilicum and 0.75 mM Mentha spicata were utilized. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and UV–vis spectra were used to analyze AgNPs' crystal structure and shape. The antibacterial potency of E. coli ATCC 35218 was investigated utilizing AgNPs employing the well diffusion, MBC, MIC, and the time-kill curve. Ocimum basilicum water solution's dark yellow hue denotes the completion of the AgNPs' synthesis. As the aqueous Ocimum basilicum solution concentration increases between 0.25 and 0.75 mM, the AgNPs' UV spectra show a gradually increasing absorption. This, in turn, caused the nanoparticle size to alter from 73.57 to 89.05 nm and the wavelength to change from 468 to 474 nm. The experiments also revealed that the nanoparticles had a significantly antibacterial activity against E. coli, of the sample prepared with 1 mM Ocimum basilicum. Based on the synthesis of AgNPs, it has been shown that an aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum outperforms Mentha spicata as a powerful reducing agent and stabilizing agent for the production AgNPs in various sizes. This is true regardless of the solvent content.